Participants

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Participants
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Systems of Choice
Mode Medium influences the
message (mode)
Subject Matter determines the
representation (field)
Roles Relationships affects the exchange
(tenor)
through
through
through
Participants (people, places, things
and ideas)
Mood (statements, questions and
commands)
Theme (prominent part of the message)
Processes (doing, thinking, saying
and being)
Modality (degree of probability
or obligation)
Cohesion (the links
between messages)
Circumstances (how, when, where
and why ?)
Clauses in the Text
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Participants
are the people, things, places or ideas
participating in a process being spoken or
written about
banana
Ned Kelly
greed
Sydney Opera House
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Participants maybe categorised as
Human Dad reads the paper.
or
Non Human My birthday cake is delicious.
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Participants maybe categorised as
concrete The jug was full.
or
abstract Happiness is precious.
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Participants maybe categorised as
specific those children are skipping.
or
Non specific sharks are dangerous..
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Participants are represented by Noun Groups
The five wonderful Yeppoon singers.
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Noun Groups can contain the following elements
Determiners the children her children those
children
Numeratives two children a couple of
children some children
Classifiers school children primary
children Australian children
Describers attractive children tall
children naughty children
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Determiners
are used for asking, pointing out or showing
ownership
His shoes.

Those shoes. Which shoes ?
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Asking Something
Which bag shall we take ? Whose painting is that
? What ice cream do you like ?
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Pointing something out
There is a fly in my soup. There was an apple on
bills table. Grapes grow on the vine. That area
is out of bounds. These sandwiches are
fresh. Those skipping ropes are new.
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Looking at Ownership
My desk is neat and tidy. Our house is
small. Your bag is very heavy. The ruler has her
name on it. The children at their sandwiches.
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Pronouns
are used to refer to a participant already
established in a text and can be categorised in
number of groups
Lindy jumps. She jumps.
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Pronoun Groups
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(No Transcript)
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Numeratives
Provide information about a number or measurement
and can be represented in two forms.
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Definite Numeratives
first three ten
four keys
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Indefinite Numeratives
many some a few several
Many pieces of fruit
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Plurals
A number of rules must be considered before
changing the singular form of a participant to
its plural form
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Just add s
Two camels
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Add es after ch sh s ss x and z
One bright box. Many bright boxes.
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When words end in f change f to a
v and add es
One leaf. Three leaves.
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When words end in fe change f to a
v and add an s
One sharp knife. Several sharp knives.
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When words end in y if there is a consonant
before the y, change y to an I and add es
One beautiful baby. Two beautiful babies.
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When words end in y if there is a vowel before
the y, add an s
One donkey. A couple of donkeys.
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When words end in o if there is a vowel before
the o, add an s
One radio. A pair of radios.
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When words end in o if there is a consonant
before the o, add es
One tomato. Three tomatoes.
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Some words have irregular plurals. Participants
may remain the same.
One fish. A few fish.
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The participant may even change form completely.
One child.
Two children.
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Classifiers
Categorise a participant into a particular group
or class
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The tennis match. Not the netball match
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The poisonous snake. Not the harmless snake.
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Sometimes it is easy to confuse classifiers and
describers. An easy way to remember the
difference is that the word very cannot be
placed before a classifier.
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Watch the ballroom dancers perform.
The word very cannot be placed in front of
ballroom. But there are always exceptions !
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Describers
Provide more information about a participant
My awful cards. An unlucky hand.
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The confident weight lifter. My tough
competitor. His developed muscles.
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The skinny weight lifter. A brave competitor. His
skinny arms.
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Your Turn !
Identify as many describers as you
can in this picture
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Building a Noun Group
determiner
numerative
thing
describer
classifier
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Building a Noun Group
determiner
numerative
thing
describer
classifier
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Building a Noun Group
determiner
numerative
his kitten
thing
describer
classifier
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Building a Noun Group
determiner
numerative
his three kittens
his kitten
thing
describer
classifier
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Building a Noun Group
determiner
numerative
his three kittens
his kitten
his three cute kittens
thing
describer
classifier
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Building a Noun Group
determiner
numerative
his three kittens
his kitten
his three cute kittens
his three cute Siamese kittens
thing
describer
classifier
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(No Transcript)
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Putting it all in context
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Yesterday afternoon, Dad and I went shopping. The
local supermarket was very busy. We waited for
ages to pay for our rice, peanut butter, six
fresh, crunchy bread rolls and a dozen free range
eggs. Then we bought six chicken kebabs. The
butcher was not busy and she served us
immediately. After that, we bought green
vegetables and carrots. The
greengrocer told Dad that the strawberries were
delicious. He bought a punnet. Dad cooked dinner.
It was scrumptious !
48
Recount
Yesterday afternoon, Dad and I went shopping. The
local supermarket was very busy. We waited for
ages to pay for our rice, peanut butter, six
fresh, crunchy bread rolls and a dozen free range
eggs. Then we bought six chicken kebabs. The
butcher was not busy and she served us
immediately. After that, we bought green
vegetables and carrots. The
greengrocer told Dad that the strawberries were
delicious. He bought a punnet. Dad cooked dinner.
It was scrumptious !
49
Recount
Yesterday afternoon, Dad and I went shopping. The
local supermarket was very busy. We waited for
ages to pay for our rice, peanut butter, six
fresh, crunchy bread rolls and a dozen free range
eggs. Then we bought six chicken kebabs. The
butcher was not busy and she served us
immediately. After that, we bought green
vegetables and carrots. The
greengrocer told Dad that the strawberries were
delicious. He bought a punnet. Dad cooked dinner.
It was scrumptious !
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Classroom Ideas
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Make noun groups with your students.
You may wish to use words from your class
spelling lists or from the current unit you
are working on.
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Deconstruct a text in terms of the participants
within it and parts of the noun group. Choose
some participants that can be
improved.