Building Capacity for Digital Field Mapping

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Building Capacity for Digital Field Mapping

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Title: Building Capacity for Digital Field Mapping


1
Building Capacity for Digital Field Mapping
  • Barron J. Orr
  • University of Arizona
  • Regional Monitoring Partnership
  • June 8, 2005Appleton-Whittell Research Ranch
  • Elgin, Arizona

2
The Geospatial Extension Program in Arizona
Bringing people and geospatial technology together
3
A Convergence of User Needs and Agency Missions
The NationalGeospatial Technology Extension
Network
4
A Convergence of User Needs and Agency Missions
The NationalGeospatial Technology Extension
Network
5
National Geospatial Technology Extension Network
NGTEN http//www.geospatialextension.org/
6
Acknowledgements
  • Theresa Mau-Crimmins UA/NASA Space Grant
    Graduate FellowBetween 2002-03 Theresa designed
    a training program for field mapping for Weed
    Management Areas with support from Cooperative
    Extension agents. It is the basis for all digital
    field mapping education we conduct.
  • Dr. Phil Rasmussen Utah Geospatial Extension
    SpecialistPhil regularly tests both GPS units
    and data loggers he and his team came up with
    the Geospatial Tool Kit configuration we use in
    Arizona.

7
Acknowledgements
  • Jeff Schalau UA Cooperative ExtensionJeff
    (Yavapai County) was among the first in Arizona
    to experiment with the Geospatial Tool Kit.
  • Laura Baker, Carolina de Rosas, Everett Benally,
    Colleen McDonald, Michelle Hertzfeld, Deswood
    Nofchissey, among othersMany students at both
    the University of Arizona and Diné College have
    helped out enormously.

8
Key Concerns
  • Our audiences tend to have limited experience
    with geospatial technology.
  • Training systems need to be intuitive and easy to
    use (fewer functions/buttons/steps if it means
    reducing the risk of getting lost and
    increasing comprehension)
  • Key conceptual elements (positioning, mapping,
    database, imagery) must stand alone (i.e. without
    a stand-along GPS, trainees often do not fully
    comprehend positioning and thus maps become
    pictures)

9
Key Concerns
  • Focus is on education, however always with an eye
    towards building operational capacity.
  • Therefore we work with existing topical
    infrastructures (never training for training
    sake but rather, an invitation from a
    Cooperative Weed Management Area)
  • We also work to support existing data flow
    infrastructures (i.e. NAWMA, SWEPIC-SWEMP, WIMS,
    NIISS, VIMP, Invaders, Regional Monitoring
    Program)

10
North American Weed Management Association
NAWMA
http//www.nawma.org/
11
Southwest Exotic Plant Information Clearinghouse
SWEPIC
http//www.usgs.nau.edu/SWEPIC/
12
Southwest Exotic Mapping Program
(SWEMP)http//tek.usgs.nau.edu/website/SWEMP2004a
/viewer.htm
13
TNCs Weed InformationManagement System
WIMS
http//tncweeds.ucdavis.edu/wims.html
14
Southwest WIMSThe SWEMP program has developed
some modifications to WIMS to make it easier to
use it in the Southwest.
http//www.usgs.nau.edu/SWEPIC/swemp/swempA3.asp
15
Regional Monitoring Partnership
http//www.sonoran.org/programs/si_sdep_huachuca.h
tm
16
National Institute of Invasive Species Science
NIISS
http//129.82.104.51/cwis438/niiss/index.html
17
Volunteer Invasives Monitoring Program
VIMP
http//www.refugenet.org/new-invasives/vimp.html
18
of the Sonoran Desert Region
Invaders
http//www.desertmuseum.org/invaders/index.htm
19
invasivespecies.gov
http//invasivespecies.gov/
20
Key Concerns
  • Issue-driven (rather than product or technology
    driven) educational approach (i.e. an invasives
    mapping training event rather than a GPS training
    event)
  • Building local networks (adoption is more likely
    if we target early adopters and include the local
    GPS guru or techie as well as at least one
    important decision maker. The local network help
    reinforce is often as or even more important than
    training content.

21
Adoption Life Cycle
Time
22
Why Use Geospatial Technology for Mapping?
?
23
Geospatial Technology Could Have Saved Him
ltltltltltlt not a GPS receiver
ltltltltltlt not a Noxious Weed
24
Why Use Geospatial Technology for Mapping?
  • Accuracy
  • Time
  • Overlays
  • Spatial Analysis
  • Modeling
  • Flexibility
  • Data Sharing

25
AndBecause it is now more accessible to new
audiencese.g. Cooperative Weed Management Areas
26
These Diné College studentsmastered the
technology in no time
27
and eventually became trainers!
Diné College student Nora Jeli assists
participants in the Farmington Noxious Weed Short
Course
28
Everybody is Mapping!
29
What are the Geospatial Toolsin the
Geospatial Tool Kit?
  • Global Positioning System (GPS)
  • Geographic Information Systems (GIS)
  • Remote Sensing (satellite imagery)

30
What Do We Currently Use to Train?
  • Aerial photos/topos in background
  • TerraServer-USA.com
  • GPS Receiver
  • Garmin V
  • Handheld Computer
  • Compaq iPAQ 3900/5400/2100 series
  • GIS on the handheld
  • StarPal HGIS
  • GIS on the desktop or laptop
  • ESRI ArcView (or HGIS for basic functions)

31
What Will We Use in the Future?
  • Aerial photos/topos in background
  • Arizona Regional Image Archivehttp//aria.arizona
    .edu/
  • GPS Receiver
  • Garmin GPS60cs
  • Handheld Computer
  • Hp iPAQ 2700 series
  • GIS on the handheld
  • ArcPad with WIMS?
  • GIS on the desktop or laptop - ESRI ArcView (or
    ArcMap)

32
Courtesy of a Fire Prevention and Fire Safety
Grant
http//www.firegrantsupport.com/fp_about.aspx
33
What Do We Teach?
34
Mapping BasicsA degree in Geography in 10
minutes or less
35
Map Projection
Transforming a 3-D planet onto a flat surface
36
Downloading Aerial PhotographyandScanned Topo
Sheets
Two Methods
37
Images I Can Use Aerial Photos
  • Aerial Photos a.k.a DOQQs
  • Digital Orthophoto Quarter-Quadrangle (DOQQ)
    112,000-Scale Images (from USGS)
  • A digital orthophoto quadrangle (DOQ) is a
    computer-generated image of an aerial photograph
    in which image displacement caused by terrain
    relief and camera tilts has been removed. It
    combines the image characteristics of a
    photograph with the geometric qualities of a map.
  • The second Q? The image is 1/4 of a typical 7.5
    minute topoographic map

38
http//terraserver-usa.com/
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GPS
Global Positioning System or Good Position
Sometimes?
43
Global Positioning System
  • 24 satellites - (NAVSTARs, or SVs)
  • 6 orbital planes 60 degree apart
  • 4 satellites in each orbital plane
  • Orbital period 12 hours

44
Three Satellites Trilateration
10 ns
30 ns
  • triangulation uses angles
  • trilateration uses distances

45
Geographic Information Systems(GIS)A fancy
term forcomputerized mapping
46
What is a Geographic Information System (GIS)?
47
HP/Compaq iPAQPocket PCA Handheld
ComputerPDA Personal Digital Assistant?
48
Handheld Computer
Stylus
Light Sensor
  • Compaq iPAQ Pocket PC (3000 5400 series)
  • Windows CE (good for GIS GPS)
  • Screen good in bright sunlight
  • 400-700

Power Indicator
Power Button
Programmable Buttons
49
HGIS Handheld Geographic Information System
Software
50
GIS Software
  • HGISfrom StarPal
  • Windows CE
  • 460kb memory
  • ESRI shapefiles, .jpg .bmp images, .mif files
  • Intuitive easy to learn
  • 250 - ?(with educ. discount)

51
Bring itAllTogether The Geospatial Tool
Kitdemonstrated step by step
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Farmington-Durango Example
57
Zooming in on San Juan College
58
Zooming in on San Juan College
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1st Stop in Farmington
Stop 1 Russian KnapweedAcroptilon repens
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Field Application 1st Colorado Stop
62
Thomas Litson, Grazing Committee Chair,
Tsaile-Wheatfields Chapter, Navajo Nation Laura
Baker, NASA Space Grant Undergraduate Intern
Thank You!Barron J. Orr
The Geospatial Extension Program in Arizona
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