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Journey towards Nation Building
Aishwarya ( 1 ) Arathi ( 2 ) Cai Xing Fang
( 3 ) Vidhya ( 23 )
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Journey towards nation building
MAIN MAP
Problems
Trade
Increasing population
Natural resources
High unemployment rate
Solution
Advice
Developed land for industries
Action plan
support facilities
Expertise for industrial purposes
reliable and dependable labour
markets to buy Singapore-made products
Results
Create employment
Sense of belonging to Singapore
Strong economic foundation
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PROBLEMS

• ECONOMIC Problems
• No Natural Resources
• Trade
• High Unemployment Rate
• Increasing Population
• NO NATURAL RESOURCES
• limited resources
• lack of agricultural products ( rubber, palm
  oil, minerals like tin and gold )
• TRADE
• was mainly obtained from entrepot trade
• Singapore served as a distributing centre
• then, due to development , countries like
  Malaysia Indonesia began direct trade
• 1959 Singapore government would not be
  able to survive only with entrepot trade

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• INCREASING POPULATION
• natural increase
• between 1947 1957, population was growing
  at an average of 4.3 (40000)
• HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT RATE
• Due to the increase in population, many were
  unemployed
• thus, more jobs were needed social services-
  housing, health, transportation and education

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SOLUTIONS
The government of Singapore decided to seek the
advice of foreign experts
Why?
Ans As a young developing nation, it required
advice from nations who had enough experience so
that Singapore does not make the same mistake and
can also achieve success like the other
experienced foreign countries
Singapore has the basic asset for
industrialisation. Her greatest asset is the high
aptitude of her people to work in manufacturing
factory workers in the world
Dr Albert Winsemius, a dutch economist, led a
United Nations Industrial Survey Mission to
Singapore in 1960. he gave the following comment
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ACTION PLAN

• Provided support facilities
• Built new facilities and upgraded existing ones
• AIRPORT
• 1960s Expanded international airport at Payar
  Lebar to handle bigger aircraft and cargo.
• Port
• 1964 Set up the Port of Singapore Authority(PSA)
  to oversee, manage and develop port operations.
• Late 1960s Build a container port to handle
  container ships from all over the world.

• Telecommunications
• 1960s The Singapore Telephone Board installed an
  average of 10000 telephones a year and improved
  telecommunications
• Public utilities
• 1963 Set up the Public Utilities Board(PUB) to
  coordinate supply of water, electricity and gas
  to the people
• Banking and Finance
• Encourage banks to operate in Singapore to
  provide banking and financial services
• 1960s There were 35 major banks in Singapore
  with about 130 banking offices.

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ACTION PLAN

• Obtained and provided expertise for the
  planning of an industrial programme
• 1950s
• Local businessmen were mainly engaged in trading
  activities
• Lacked expertise to set up manufacturing
  industries
• Unwilling to venture into industrialisation
• Formed only a small pool of potential investors

Government set out to

• Tap on the expertise of foreign companies
• Encourage local companies to participate in the
  industrialisation of Singapore

August 1961 -Set up the Economic Development
Board(EDB) to plan and implement an
industrialisation programme
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ACTION PLAN
Role of the Economic Development Board

• -Helped expand certain small industries
• Researched on types of new industries to set up
• Provided start-up loans to help new industries
• Attracted foreign investment
• Wooed foreign companies from Japan, western
  Europe and the USA to set up factories in
  Singapore
• Gave foreign companies tax holidays ie, they
  did not have to pay taxes for a few years while
  operating in Singapore
• Provided information to international companies
  on business opportunities in Singapore set up
  offices in Japan, Europe and the USA
• Helped in theearly development and management of
  industrial estates
• In 1968, EDB handed over this function to the
  Jurong Town Corporation (JTC)

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ACTION PLAN

• Developed land for industries
• July 1960
• Developed Jurong ( then an area of jungle, swamp
  and old rubber estates) into an industrial
  estate
• Built roads, railway tracks, telephone lines, a
  power station and a reservoir
• - Constructed a port and port facilities
• 1963
• The National Iron and Steel Mills began
  operations- the first factory to be set up at
  Jurong
• 1968
• There were almost 300 factories in Jurong
• End 1970s
• Jurong was a giant industrial complex
• -1400 factories
• -112 000 workers

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ACTION PLAN

• Ensured a reliable and dependable labour force
• 1960
• The government
• Passed the Industrial Relations Ordinance to
  create industrial peace
• - Established clear guidelines for negotiations
  between employers and workers when there were
  disputes
• -Set up Arbitration Courts to settle
  disagreements
• Passed new labour laws to protect the basic
  rights of the workers and ensure fair treatment
  from employers
• - Reorganised the trade unions and set up the
  National Trade Union Congress (NTUC)

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ACTION PLAN

• Sourced for markets to buy Singapore-made
  products
• 1960s
• Singapores small population of about 1.6
  million was too small to buy the large quantities
  of goods it manufactured had to
• - Manufacture products that other countries
  would buy
• - Attract foreign companies that had business
  and trading connections with other countries so
  that the products made in Singapore could be sold
  to a wider market

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KEEPING UP WITH CHANGES
We have to be constantly planning ahead and
moving in the direction that will enable us to
keep up with the latest developments in the world
for our survival.

• Education system
• Moving to higher technology
• Responding to external development

EDUCATION SYSTEM
The education system had to be changed to
train pupils in skills that would enable them to
work efficiently and productively in the
industries. Education thus shifted from the
emphasis on academic subjects to include
technical and vocational training.
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MOVING TO HIGHER TECHNOLOGY
Singapore needs to keep up with the changes in
the in the world, or it will be left behind.
When Singapore faced competition from other
countries in producing low-value goods, it
decided to switch to producing high-value
products which few Asian countries were doing for
our survival. These high-value products were
exported to rich and developed countries.
Workers had to be trained in highly specialised
skills by foreign investors who were encouraged
to come to Singapore via tax holidays and
financial incentives. Our local Polytechnics
and universities were expanded to provide
training for technicians and engineers.
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RESPONDING TO EXTERNAL DEVELOPMENTS
Singapore is greatly dependent on the
developed countries for trade and investment.
In the 1960s, our economy benefited when world
trade was expanding rapidly. Most international
companies were willing to invest in Singapore and
our industries developed at a fast pace.
However, in the 1970s, the economies of several
countries were badly affected by the sudden
increase in the price of oil, followed by a
world-wide recession. The recession affected
all countries including those that invested in
Singapore. Despite all these setbacks,
Singapore managed to survive through the hard
work of the people and the strong economic
foundation laid by the government.
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RESULTS

• Generate strong economic foundation
• Create employment
• A sense of belonging to Singapore

GENERATE STRONG ECONOMIC FOUNDATION
Eg Like so many export-oriented nations around
the world, we were affected by the global
economic slowdown by SARS and the impact on
sentiment in the aftermath of the September 11
terrorist attacks. As a result, Singapore's Gross
Domestic Product contracted by 2. The
government acted swiftly to counter the
recession. Fortunately things seem to be perking
up. The Gross Domestic Product growth rate is
expected to grow by 2-4.
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CREATE EMPLOYMENT
holds the interest of workers as top priorities.
involve the Unions closely to draw up manpower
plans for the future make major decisions
affecting workers, to grow Singapore's economy
and create more jobs. create more jobs, and
provide Singaporeans the skills and opportunities
to look after themselves and their families.
A SENSE OF BELONGING TO SINGAPORE
When Singaporeans are given more job
opportunities here, Singaporeans, of course, will
not think of migrating to other countries to
work. Therefore, we must develop stronger bonds
of belonging and commitment to this country and
embrace a common vision of Singapore as a home
worth fighting and dying for.
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CONCLUSION
Singaporeans must remember that success did not
come easy, nor did it happen by chance. The
strong economic foundation that was built
provided the financial support for Singapore
through good and bad times. It is through the
careful planning, hard work and sacrifices of
both the people and the government that Singapore
has established a strong economic foundation that
ensures the success. To develop a national
identity, the people must feel that they belong
to the country regardless of race,language, or
religion. They must also be encouraged to work
towards achieving common goals for the good of
the nation and to protect and defend their
achievements.
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Aishwarya research on solutions and PowerPoint
on it improving on slides
Arathi research on problems and PowerPoint on
it
Xing Fang research on results and PowerPoint on
it
Vidhya research on action plans and PowerPoint
on it
EVERYBODY PLAYED THEIR PART
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
Longman(book)- History of Singapore
Pgs90-92 Understanding Our Past- history
Textbook www.mnd.gov.sg/newsroom/speeches/speeches
_snd2002_290502.htm www.photius.com/countries/sing
apore/economy/singapore_economy_trade_
tourism_and_11036.html
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QUESTIONS TO PONDER ABOUT...
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Question Refer to Quote on pg in your
textbook Think about the basic assets that were
mentioned in the quote and the greatest asset
about the high aptitude of the people What is the
connection?
Question What made the success of Singapore? Is
it the swift government or the people who adapted
to the changes quickly that enabled the success
of Singapore?
Question Would the journey of nation building of
Singapore been easier with the British still
ruling us? Would we have encountered the same
problems?