An ECG Database and Report Generator

1
An ECG Database and Report Generator - A Graphic
Interface

• OSEI KUFFUOR
• MS Thesis Defense
• Advisor Dr Patrick O Bobbie

2
In this Issue

• Fundamental Concept of ECG
• ECG Theory
• The Heart
• Overview of ECG Report Generator
• Design and Implementation
• ECG Database
• The Application
• ECG Report Analyzer
• Generate FinalReport
• Automatic Email Sender
• Conclusion
• References

3
Introduction

• Cardiovascular disease (CVD), principally heart
  disease and stroke.
• Nations leading killer for both men and women
• This disease kills all racial and ethnic groups
• About 1 million American die of CVD each year

4
Introduction cont

• According to American Heart Association, one
  person dies every 30 seconds which is over 2,600
  deaths in every single day.
• Victims between 35-64 years of age
• About 62 million Americans have some form of
  cardiovascular disease

5
ECG Measurement

• Signals from two leads are connected between two
  point of the body
• Electrical voltage observed between the
  electrodes is given by the dot product of the two
  vectors
• Modern standard ECG uses more electrode
  connection points

6
Heart Rate

• In normal sinus rhythm, a resting heart rate of
  below 60 bpm is called bradycardia and a rate of
  above 90 bpm is called tachycardia
• In this diagnosis, I calibrated Normal Heart Rate
  100 and more than that results in some form of
  Cardiovascular heart disease

7
Overview of ECG Report Generator
Signal from ECG
Convert Signal into actual data
Database
VB.Net App
Signal stored at Workstation
SQL Server
ECG Report Analyzer
Generate Final Report
Send Email To Doctor
8
The Application(VB.Net)
9
Major Functions in the Application

• CreateDatabase()
• Create Table()
• CreateProcedure()
• CreateView()
• PopulateTable()
• DisplayData()

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CreateDatabase()

• Using SQL statements you can create database
  objects programmatically
• Private Sub bntCreateDatabase_Click(ByVal sender
  As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs)
  Handles bntCreateDatabase.Click
• If bntCreateTable.Enabled Then
• Dim dr As DialogResult
  MessageBox.Show
• If dr DialogResult.Yes Then
• ResetUI()
• CreateTable()
• End If
• Else
• CreateTable()
• End If
• End Sub
• This function creates a database in the form of a
  table.

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Function CreateTable ( )

• The CREATE TABLE statement defines a table. The
  definition must include its name and all the
  attributes of its columns. The definition can
  include other attributes of the table, such as
  its primary key or check constraints.

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CreateTable Cont

• Private Sub bntCreateTable_Click(ByVal sender As
  System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs)
  Handles bntCreateTable.Click
• Dim strSQL As String _
• "USE Ecg" vbCrLf _
• "IF EXISTS (" _
• "SELECT " _
• "FROM Ecg.dbo.sysobjects " _
• "WHERE Name 'NW_Diagnostic' " _
• "AND TYPE 'u')" vbCrLf _
• "BEGIN" vbCrLf _
• "DROP TABLE Ecg.dbo.NW_Diagnostic"
  vbCrLf _
• "END" vbCrLf _
• "CREATE TABLE NW_Diagnostic (" _
• "DiagnosisID Int NOT NULL," _
• "Temperature NVarChar(10) NOT NULL,"
  _
• "Humi NVarChar(10) NOT NULL," _
• "SignalVoltage NVarChar(10) NOT NULL,"
  _
• "Enviro NVarChar (10) NOT NULL, " _
• "BatteryVoltage NVarChar (10) NOT
  NULL, " _
• "Name NVarChar(10) NOT NULL, " _

13
CreateProcedure( )

• Stored procedures are important aspect in all
  database programs
• VB.NET applications are no exceptions to this
  rule.
• Stored procedures enable users change the
  business logic without actually tinkering with
  the application.

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CreateProcedure() cont

• First ,you have to DROP Procedure if it exists
• Dim strSQL As String _
• "USE Ecg" vbCrLf _
• "IF EXISTS (" _
• "SELECT " _
• "FROM Ecg.dbo.sysobjects " _
• "WHERE Name 'AddDiagnostic' " _
• "AND TYPE 'p')" vbCrLf _
• "BEGIN" vbCrLf _
• "DROP PROCEDURE AddDiagnostic" vbCrLf _
• "END"

15
CreateProcedure( ) cont

• Once the Procedure is DROPPED, then re-create
  Procedure
• cmd.CommandText _
• "CREATE PROCEDURE AddDiagnostic AS"
  vbCrLf _
• "INSERT INTO NW_Diagnostic" vbCrLf _
• "(DiagnosisID,Temperature,Humi,SignalVoltage,Envir
  o,BatteryVoltage,Name)
• "SELECT DiagnosisID,Temperature,Humi,SignalVoltage
  ,Enviro,BatteryVoltage,Name " "FROM
  Northwind.dbo.Diagnosis "
• cmd.ExecuteNonQuery()
• northwindConnection.Close()
• bntCreateView.Enabled True

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Function CreateView ()

• A view is a structured list of items from the
  entities or semantic objects defined in the data
  model
• A view instance is a view that is populated with
  data for one entity or semantic object
• To create a view instance, the application must
  first obtain the new data values and
  relationships
• This is most likely done via a data entry form,
  but applications also receive data from other
  program and in other ways

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Function CreateView () cont

• DROP View if it exists
• Private Sub bntCreateView_Click(ByVal sender As
  System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs)
  Handles bntCreateView.Click
• Dim northwindConnection As New SqlConnection(conne
  ctionString)
• Dim strSQL As String _
• "USE Ecg" vbCrLf _
• "IF EXISTS (" _
• "SELECT " _
• "FROM Ecg.dbo.sysobjects " _
• "WHERE Name 'GetDiagnostic' " _
• "AND TYPE 'v')" vbCrLf _
• "BEGIN" vbCrLf _
• "DROP VIEW GetDiagnostic" vbCrLf _
• "END"

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CreateView cont

• Re-create View
• Try
• cmd.CommandText _
• "CREATE VIEW GetDiagnostic AS " _
• "SELECT " _
• "FROM NW_Diagnostic"
• cmd.ExecuteNonQuery()
• northwindConnection.Close()
• bntPopulateTable.Enabled True

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PopulateData()

• The PopulateData statement inserts rows into a
  table, nickname, or view, or the underlying
  tables
• Inserting a row into a nickname inserts the row
  into the data source object to which the nickname
  refers. Inserting a row into a view also inserts
  the row into the table on which the view is
  based, if no INSTEAD OF TRIGGER is defined for
  the insert operation on this view.

20
PopulateData cont

• Private Sub bntPopulateTable_Click(ByVal sender
  As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs)
  Handles bntPopulateTable.Click
• Dim strSQL As String "EXECUTE
  Ecg.dbo.AddDiagnostic"
• Try
• Dim cmd As New SqlCommand(strSQL,
  northwindConnection)
• northwindConnection.Open()
• cmd.ExecuteNonQuery()
• northwindConnection.Close()
• bntDisplayData.Enabled True
• End Try
• End Sub

21
Function Display Data ()

• The function DisplayData is the end result of the
  above functions. Users want to see data being
  display as well as programmers. This function
  will display all data depending on which format
  is being used. In this application, the
  bntDisplayData will display data in the DataGrid.

22
DisplayData() cont

• Private Sub bntDisplayData_Click(ByVal sender As
  System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs)
  Handles bntDisplayData.Click
• If IsNothing(dgDiagnosis.DataSource) Then
• Dim strSQL As String _
• "USE Ecg" vbCrLf _
• "SELECT " _
• "FROM GetDiagnostic"
• Try
• Dim northwindConnection As New
  SqlConnection(connectionString)
• Dim cmd As New SqlCommand(strSQL,
  northwindConnection)
• Dim da As New SqlDataAdapter(cmd)
• Dim dsDiagnostic As New DataSet
• da.Fill(dsDiagnostic, "Diagnostic")
• End Try
• End If
• End Sub

23
ECG Report Analyzer
24
ECG Diagnostic Analyzer

• Diagnostic Analyzer uses algorithm to diagnose
  the patients condition. For example
• SignalVoltage as string, Temperature as Integer,
  HeartRate as Integer, Systolic as Integer,
  Diastolic as Integer, Smoke as Boolean
• if ( heartRate gt 100) then
• disease Highblood pressure
• else if
• (systolic gt130)
• disease Cardiovascular
• else if
• (diastolic gt 80)
• disease Coronary artery disease
• else
• disease Normal sinus
• End if
• End

25
Generate FinalReport

• Final reports is comprehensive for the following
  reasons
• Reliability
• Correctness
• Help doctors to know the big picture
• Best-Case Performance
• Average-Case Performance
• Worst-Case Performance

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Generate FinalReport cont

• The final report is mostly queries generated
  during the diagnosis phase. Example of the final
  reports retrieval using Subquery
• SELECT Diagnosis.Name
• FROM Diagnosis
• WHERE Diagnosis.DiagnosisID IN
• (SELECT History.Heredity
• FROM History.Medication IN
• (SELECT FROM DiseaseOne))

27
Function EmailSender()

• According to definition by 2, SMTP (Simple Mail
  Transfer Protocol) The standard e-mail protocol
  on the Internet and part of the TCP/IP protocol
  suite
• SMTP defines the message format and the message
  transfer agent (MTA), which stores and forward
  the mail
• SMTP was originally designed for only plain text
  (ASCII text), but MIME and other encoding methods
  enable executable programs and multimedia files
  to be attached to and transported with the email
  message.

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SendEmail() -Format

• Date 9 Aug 2006 041034
• From spsu_at_spsu.edu
• To doctor_at_ga.org
• Subject James Doe Heart-Diagnostic Report
• Message Name- James Doe
• Date of Birth 10/10/2000
• SSN xxx-xxx-2437 (format for security
  purpose)
• Heart Rate gt 100
• Systolic gt 130
• Gender Female and smokes
• Medication Ampicillian 500mg
• Possible Diagnosis Results Cardiovascular
  heart disease
• Medication Center 1234 Great Street,
  Marietta GA, 30060(phone) 770-456-1234 Heredity
• Father was a cardiovascular candidate
• Mother never had any kind of heart
  disease
• End of message

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Conclusion and Future Considerations

• I have learnt a lot from this project and this
  will help me to go deep into database
  programming. After finishing this project, I
  highly recommend that the code for streaming
  signal voltage from the ECG to the database
  should have the same platform as the ECG Database
  and Report Generator. This will help to automate
  the streaming of data with alongside with the
  Database Report Generator.
• The future continuation development of this
  project should include internet base programming
  and a function that can be connected to a phone
  device in other to send phone message to the
  doctor.

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References

• 1 Craig S. Mullins, Database
  Administration The Complete Guide to Practice
  and procedures, 2002
• 2 David Gefen Chitibabu Govindarajulu,
  Advanced Visual Basic.Net, 2004
• 3 Gary J. Bronson David Rosenthal,
  Introduction to Programming with Visual
  Basic.Net, 2005
• 4 Keith Franklin, VB.Net Developers, 2002
• 5 Daniel Marr, ECG Application Featuring
  Data Transmission by Bluetooth, PhD Thesis,
  University of Queensland, Australia, Oct 2002
• 6 William Brims, Wireless ECG Volume I,
  Master Thesis, University of Queensland,
  Australia, Oct 2002
• 7 National Center for Health Statistic and
  National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention
  and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control
  and prevention, 1995.
• 8 http//www.healingwithnutrition.com/cdisease/c
  ardiovascular/cardiovascular.html

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Questions?