Bethany

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Oceans - The Undersea World

• Bethany
• Mrs. Neyland - pd.4
• 5/4/01

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Ocean Facts

• Oceans are interconnected bodies of salt water.
• They cover 70.8 of the Earths surface or
  139,782,000 sq. miles.(97 of all water)
• Floor spreads at a rate of 2 in. per year.
• The shapes of the continents and oceans are
  changing.
• In an ecosystem (like the ocean) there are 4
  abiotic (non-living) factorsW,So,Su, and A.

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Animals - Moon Jellyfish ( Biotic)

• 3 high 16 wide
• Umbrella shaped and translucent
• Have stringy tentacles
• Feeding tube-short and expands
• MF- Specific Colors
• Characteristics are Adaptations for life

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Moon Jellyfish - Habitat

• The Moon Jellyfish floats near the surface just
  off the shore.
• The habitats range from the Atlantic to Florida
  and Mexico plus Alaska to Southern California.

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Animals - Lined Seahorse
-5 and has a vertical compressed body w/
camouflage. Is a Biotic organism. Color is light
brown, gray, etc. (speckled w/ white or gold
dots) Dorsal Fin is like a fan. Very poor
swimmers (H20) Its color, body, etc. are its
adaptations.
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Lined Seahorse - Habitat
The Lined Seahorse is usually around vegetation
like eelgrasses and sargassum. The habitats range
from Nova Scotia to Argentina plus Bermuda and
the Gulf of Mexico.
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Animals - Scalloped Hammerhead Shark
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More on the Hammerhead
NJ-----------S. Brazil
13 and 9
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Animals - Pacific Pink Scallop
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S
Sand
500
C
P
O
A
L
L
Low Tide
Rock
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Golf of Mexico - Climate

• The climate can change from tropical to
  subtropical.
• Hurricane season is from June 1 to Nov. 1
• GoM Gulf of Mexico

• Ocean and weather conditions are good for forming
  hurricanes in this area.
• Hurricanes spawned in the Atlantic can move
  through the gulf also.

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GoM - Other Facts

• Major habitat for birds that winter along the
  coasts and islands
• A lot of fish are along the continental shelf
• Shrimps, shellfish, flounder, red snappers,
  mullet, oysters, and crabs are good food for
  humans.

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GoM - Human Activity

• The population generates sewage and wastes that
  go into fresh and salt waters.
• Drilling brings oil spills that kill organisms.
• Erosion has caused the sinking of wetlands.

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GoM - Human Effects

• Algae and oxygen depletion causes destruction to
  fish.
• Pollution and filling have destroyed almost half
  of the gulfs man groves and coral reefs.

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GoM -Temperatures/Tidal Range

• In Feb. it can be 64 degrees F in the N. and 76
  degrees F in the S. or the Yucatan coast.
• In the summer it can get to 90 degrees F but it
  usually stays the same.
• The tidal range is small (Less than 2 ft.).

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The Food Web
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Animals in Food Web
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Zones - Sealife

• Water column of the ocean is an ecosystem called
  the pelagic zone. Life forms in it are near the
  surface (a lot of light).
• The neritic zone is the part that is above the
  continental shelves.
• Finally, the littoral zone is along the shoreline
  (exposed to the air in certain times of the day -
  low tides).

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Zones - By Light

• Surface waters sunlight zone
• Next level is the twilight zone - (supports at
  least 850 species of fish)
• Deepest region is the dark zone - (no light)

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Even with all our knowledge about the ocean, we
still have a lot to learn in the future.
O
S
C
N
A
There are a lot of facts, including zones, food
web, temperature, effects, animals, and more.
E
The ocean can be a very interesting ecosystem.
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Resources Cited

• eNature Online Field Guides. www.enature.com.
  23 April 2001
• Gulf of Mexico. Britannica.com. 23 April 2001
• Weigel, Marlene. Encyclopedia of Biomes. (Vol.2).
  Farmington Hills The Gale Group, 2000.