Body Systems

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Body Systems
(and other information)
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Amphibians

• Amphibian means double life part of life in
  water, part of life on land
• They have a larvae stage
• Must return to water to lay eggs
• Obtain oxygen through gills (as larvae), lungs
  (as adult) and skin (as adult)
• Ectothermic cold-blooded takes on temperature
  of its surroundings

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Amphibian Examples

• Frogs
• Toads
• Salamanders (keep tails as adults)

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Frog Reproduction
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Frog Reproduction

• Female frog lays eggs in the water
• Fertilized eggs hatch into larvae (tadpole) that
  breathe with gills
• Tadpole develops hind legs and breathes with
  gills
• Front legs develop, along with lungs
• Adult frog

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Body Systems

• Digestive System digest food
• Excretory System remove waste
• Circulatory system carry food, water, oxygen
  to the cells
• Respiratory System take in oxygen and release
  carbon dioxide

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Body Systems (cont)

• Reproductive System Produce offspring
• Nervous System transfer information
• Skeletal System protection and support of the
  body

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Digestive System Organs

• Mouth contains tongue and teeth
• Esophagus connects mouth to stomach
• Stomach J shaped organ
• Contains rugae folds in the stomach
• Pyloric sphincter junction of stomach and small
  intestine it regulates the amount of food
  entering the small intestine

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Digestive Organs (cont)

• Small intestine food absorption occurs here
• Large intestine water is absorbed from waste
• Cloaca holding area for waste, urine, sperm or
  eggs
• Anus opening through which waste leaves

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Digestive Organs (cont)

• Liver secretes bile to digest fat
• Largest organ in the frogs body
• Has 3 lobes
• Pancreas secretes digestive juices
• Gall bladder stores bile from the liver, then
  releases it into the intestines
• Green in color
• Spleen storage for red blood cells
• Dark red in color

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Digestive Organs (cont)

• Peristalsis rhythmic muscular contractions that
  cause food to move through the digestive tract

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Circulatory System

• Heart has 3 chambers
• Right Auricle blood from veins enters here
• Left Auricle blood from lungs enters here
• Ventricle blood leaves this chamber to be
  pumped to the body
• Arteries carry blood AWAY from heart
• Veins carry blood TOWARDS heart
• Linea Alba blood vessel on the belly of the frog

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Different Heart Systems
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Excretory System

• Kidneys main organ of this system, remove
  nitrogen waste from the blood
• Ureters tubes leading from kidneys to urinary
  bladder
• Urinary Bladder urine is stored here

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Reproductive System

• Testes organs in which male sperm cells are
  formed
• Small, oval, yellowish structures
• Located just above the kidneys
• Fat Bodies finger-like projections coming out
  from behind the testes or ovaries
• Yellow in color

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Reproductive (cont)

• Ovaries organs in which female egg cells are
  formed
• May be large and filled with eggs
• May be difficult to see if no eggs present
• Oviducts tubes through which eggs are carried
  out of the body

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Miscellaneous Frog Info

• Hind Limbs back legs, webbed, 5 digits
• Fore Limbs front legs, webbed, 4 digits
• Tympanic Membrane ears
• External Internal Nares -nostrils of the nose
• Tongue long, attached at front
• Maxillary teeth small teeth on upper jaw
• Vomerine Teeth two larger teeth in the roof of
  the mouth