Preventing disease

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Preventing disease
(incidence, prevalence, building determinants,
DALY)

• (7y900)

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Indicators for Public Health
1. Incidence of disease or infliction number
of cases diagnosed in a certain year 2.
Prevalence of disease or infliction number of
cases known to be present in a certain year 3.
Prevalence of increased risk number of persons
with increased risk in a certain year 4. Lost
Years of Life extra years of life that could
have been expected, had the deadly condition
not occurred 5. Disability Adjusted Life Years
(DALYs) healthy years in a life span
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Top-10 Diseases The Netherlands 1994
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Top-10 Diseases The Netherlands 1994
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Indoor Air Suitability (NL)
After MCL Snijders. PhD Thesis, TU/e, September
5, 2001
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Atopy

• Inherited constitution (40 of the population)
• Disease process is IgE mediated
• 1st phase Sensitization (skin- and laboratory
  tests)
• 2nd phase Disease symptoms
• 85 of symptoms building related
• Affected organs eyes, nose, lungs, skin,
  alimentary canal

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House Dust Mites
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The 6 Global Risk Areas
for mite growth and survival in carpeting of well
ventilated and heated rooms
1. No survival 2. Survival on poorly insulated
ground floors 3. Survival on all floors 4. Growth
on poorly insulated ground floors 5. Growth on
most floors 6. Growth on all floors
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
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Temperature and House Dust Mites in Carpeting
Source JEMH van Bronswijk, G Pauli (eds) 1996.
An update on long-lasting mite
avoidance. GuT, Aachen. ISBN 3-00-000896-9
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The 6 Global Risk Areas
for mite growth and survival in carpeting of well
ventilated and heated rooms
1. No survival 2. Survival on poorly insulated
ground floors 3. Survival on all floors 4. Growth
on poorly insulated ground floors 5. Growth on
most floors 6. Growth on all floors
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
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Prevalence of Sensitisation to mite allergen in
atopic patients
Source JEMH van Bronswijk, G Pauli (eds) 1996.
An update on long-lasting mite
avoidance. GuT, Aachen. ISBN 3-00-000896-9
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Top-10 Diseases The Netherlands 1994
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Important Infections in Architecture, Building
Planning
In green diseases associated with pneumonia In
red zoonoses
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PneumoniaInfluenza A bird flu
Virus particles are spherical (diameter of 80-120
nm) or filamentous (length 1 mu m)
Source http//users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/
BiologyPages/I/Influenza.html
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PneumoniaSARS
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SARS

• Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
• Coronavirus, person to person transmission
• 2003 908 dead among 8.422 patients
• Survivors medication caused osteoporosis
• Damage to the economy

Influenza A

• Orthomyxovirus, person to person transmission ?
• Some death did occur
• Pandemic after person to person transmission

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Zoonosis

• Definition Disease of animals that may be
  transmitted to humans
• Severity Expect severe disease
• Use Some zoonoses are used in biowar
• Currently abundant in NL Diseases of Lyme and
  Weil

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Technology to enlarge vitality?

• 93 of NL-elderly (2.2 mil of 65) live
  independently
• 33 of the elderly with a severe physical
  disorder live in an unsuitable dwelling (not
  fully accessible, limited support)

Source Lectoraat Vraaggestuurde Zorg (dr. H.S.M.
Kort), Utrecht 2005
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A Smart Home Environment(2nd semester 7y910)

• is a home environment that adapts itself to the
  dweller. A SHE forms an invisible, intelligent,
  self-learning part of our daily life, combining
  functions pertaining to demand-driven comfort,
  domestic tasks, personal care, quality of life,
  and professional care

Source Bronswijk et al. 2005 De Intelligente
Thuisomgeving. In Handboek Zorg
Thuis. Amsterdam Elsevier
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Next class

• September 12
• No class, consultation on request
• September 19
• The DALY construct (Disability Adjusted Life
  Years) to evaluate building services