REVISION Tropical Rainforest Case Study

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REVISIONTropical Rainforest Case Study

• Papua New Guinea

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What do these words mean?

• Exploitation
• Sustainable Development
• Conservation

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Key Terms

• Exploitation
• environment is used in a way that it will be of
  no use to future generations
• Sustainable development
• development of an area in a way that will help
  preserve it for future use
• Conservation
• - managing the environment in a way to protect
  it from change

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Introduction

• Where is the case study?
• What kind of ecosystem exists in Papua New
  Guinea?
• Provide information on the population

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Introduction

• Where
• Eastern half of New Guinea and surrounding
  islands, SE of Asia, NW of Australia
• What
• Consists of rainforest (3rd largest area in
  world) coral reefs
• Rich ecosystem (9000 species plant, 250 species
  of mammal, 700 species of bird)
• 4 National Parks including McAdam
• Who
• Population 4.5 M, many living in rainforests
  farming for themselves.
• Difficult to provide services to people
  70literacy rate but lower in remote area, 12,500
  people to a doctor

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Exploitation

• Government plans exists attempting to legalise
  logging.
• The rainforest has been mapped and areas sold to
  TNCs for logging
• Land owners are not consulted and made to agree
  for little money in return
• Landowners get 10 kina per m3
• Loggers sell at 160 kina per m3

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Exploitation

• Give examples of exploitation in Papua New
  Guinea.
• Be specific- where are we talking about?

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Aitape

• Government organised logging of 5,000 hectares,
  85 owned by companies, 15 by locals.
• To be cleared to grow palm oil but this needs
  fertile soils and nutrients are lost after
  felling.
• A drop in the hardwood markets resulted in the
  project stopping after clearance of 1,000
  hectares.
• What are the problems with this???

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Sissano Lagoon

• Area with high priority for marine bio-diversity
  prawn fishing.
• A very fragile coral reef ecosystem.
• In 1996, Lou Oil Palm Project planned for area.
  This involved moving the Sissano community
  inland.
• Forests were lost which in turn altered sediment
  levels which disturbed and killed off coral reef.

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Sustainable Development

• Many countries have given aid to Papua New Guinea
  to help them to sustainably develop the
  rainforest.

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Examples of sustainable development

• Outline what happened at Kikori Basin.
• Explain about the Collingwood Bay Community Land
  Care Project.

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Kikori Basin

• Chevron Inc discovered oil here in 1990s and a
  pipeline was built to export oil.
• Partnership between Chevron and Kutubu Joint
  Venture Project exists to work with locals to
  allow them to use resources e.g. sale of
  butterflies, fish farming to managing conserved
  areas.
• Training for locals is provided. As a result
  10,000 villagers lives and environment has
  improved.

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Collingwood Bay

• To protect nature and cultural heritage.
• To help Masin locals plan for sustainable
  development through ecotourism.
• Development of cottage industries Greenpeace
  has helped with the selling of Tapa cloth in the
  USA.
• Production is kept small-scale.

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Tapa Cloth
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Examples of Conservation

• Crater Mountain

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Eco-lodges
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Conservation

• Ecotourism has been introduced to help conserve
  Crater Mountain.
• Crater Mountain is an area filled with various
  species of wildlife but also threatened by
  logging, mining and oil drilling.
• The area was declared a Wildlife Management area
  to encourage the government not to permit
  destruction of the area.
• They have now set up eco-lodges built for
  visitors to experience a nature-based holiday and
  local people were used as guides.
• Literacy levels amongst guides were a problem.

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Conflicts between groups of people involved

• What do you think the main conflicts were?
• What would the TNCs opinions be?
• What would the local tribes peoples opinions be?

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Typical Questions

• With reference to an area you have studied
  explain how exploitation affects the tropical
  rainforest 6
• Explain what is meant by the term sustainable
  development 2.
• With reference to an area you have studied
  describe sustainable projects put in place and
  how they affected the local area and people 6

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LEARN IT!! Remember to be specific! You should
have all of these notes already but see the
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anything. ClassroomsgtGeographygtGCSE Revision