IV. ESCWA QUESTIONNAIRES

1
IV. ESCWA QUESTIONNAIRES

• INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN SERVICES (Mode 1)
• EXPORTS
• IMPORTS
• TRAVEL EXPENDITURES (Mode 2)

2
ESCWA Questionnaire Mode 1

• Review of Questionnaire
• EBOPS
• Major trading partners
• Country codes
• Data in Domestic Currency

3
EBOPS Main Components
Commercial services 1. Transportation 2.
Travel 3. -10. Other commercial services
3. Communications services 4. Construction
services 5. Insurance services 6. Financial
services 7. Computer and information
services 8. Royalties and licence fees 9. Other
business services 10. Personal, cultural and
recreational services

• Government services
• (not in GATS)

4
ESCWA Questionnaire Mode 1

• SPECIAL ISSUES
• TRANSPORTATION
• TRAVEL
• INSURANCE
• FINANCE
• OTHER SERVICES
• GOVERNMENT SERVICES
• INTERNET TRANSACTIONS

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Transportation (1/6)

• Data available from transport companies
• Resident transport companies
• Non-resident transport companies
• Sea
• Air
• Road
• Rail
• Other (e.g. pipeline)

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Transportation (2/6)

• Passenger transportation
• Freight transportation
• Other (e.g. mail, stevedoring, port services)

7
Transportation (3/6)

• Resident transport companies
• Revenues from (sales to) Non-Residents
• Passenger
• Freight
• Other
• On international routes
• On domestic routes

8
Transportation (4/6)

• Resident transport companies
• Goods services purchased from Non-Residents
• Fuel
• Other goods
• Services

9
Transportation (5/6)

• Non-Resident transport companies
• Revenues from (sales to) Residents
• Passenger
• Freight
• Other
• On international routes
• On domestic routes

10
Transportation (6/6)

• Non-Resident transport companies
• Goods services purchased from Residents
• Fuel
• Other goods
• Services

11
Travel

• Travel data estimated from separate travel survey
  (ESCWA Mode 2 Questionnaire)
• Request for travel data here to avoid
  mis-reporting (duplication) as Other Business
  Services

12
Insurance (1/3)

• Insurance payments and receipts for
• Life insurance, Pension Funds (excluding
  transfers of Social Security Funds)
• Freight Insurance
• Other direct insurance (e.g. Health, Casualty)
• Reinsurance
• Auxiliary Services

13
Insurance (2/3)

• Insurance payments (premiums) include financial,
  income and service elements
• In principle, the service element only is to be
  reported
• In practice, it is difficult to disaggregate
  insurance into its separate parts, and total
  premiums or claims can be used

14
Insurance (3/3)

• Pension funds may consist of contributions by
  both employees and employers
• Some types of insurance (e.g. freight) can be
  estimated as proportion of value of goods insured
  
• Whole-life vs. Term life insurance
• Term life insurance included in Other Direct
  Insurance

15
Financial Services (1/2)

• SERVICES associated with Financial transactions
  (excluding Insurance)
• INCLUDES
• Commissions and Fees (by banks, brokers)
• Financial advisory services
• Custody services (for financial assets, bullion)
• Financial management services
• Merger and Acquisition (MA) services
• Corporate finance services
• Credit Card services
• Administration of financial markets (e.g. stock
  markets)
• Credit rating

16
Financial Services (2/2)

• EXCLUDES
• Investment in Financial Assets (e.g. bank
  deposits)
• Investment income (interest earned) on deposits,
  loans, financial leases, etc.
• Dividend income
• Insurance services
• Non-financial services provided by banks
• Gains and losses on investments

17
Other Business Services (1/3)

• Merchanting
• Operational leasing
• Miscellaneous business, professional, technical
  services

18
Other Business Services (2/3)

• Merchanting
• Offshore intermediation of goods (e.g. brokerage,
  wholesale trade, commodity arbitrage)
• Operational leasing
• Rental and lease of equipment (ships, aircraft,
  drilling equipment) for a limited time less
  than the life of the asset.

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Other Business Services (3/3)

• Miscellaneous business, professional, technical
  services
• Legal, accounting, consulting, public relations
• Advertising, market research, polling
• RD
• Architectural, engineering, other technical
• Agricultural, oil-well, mining, on-site
  processing
• Other business ser vices
• Services between related enterprises not included
  elsewhere

20
Government Services n.i.e. (1/3)

• Most categories not included in GATS
• BUT
• Government services ARE in EBOPS (Code 291 -
  Government services not included elsewhere)

21
Government Services n.i.e. (2/3)

• Many government services included in other
  categories (Education, Health)
• Government Services n.i.e. include government
  services provided to domestic residents abroad,
  and to non-residents in reporting country
• Special treatment of diplomatic missions
  (embassies, consulates)

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Government Services n.i.e. (3/3)

• Embassies, Consulates
• Treated as non-residents of country in which they
  are physically located
• Transactions of foreign embassy with residents of
  reporting country treated as international
  transactions
• Transactions of foreign embassy with residents of
  its home country treated as domestic transactions
• Diplomatic personnel (non-local) treated as N-Rs
• Common practice to request data from foreign
  embassy on local transactions on voluntary basis

23
Internet Transactions

• Internet sales by domestic businesses (in survey)
  
• BUT
• Internet purchases from foreign suppliers by
  individuals (not included in survey)
• Data estimated from Household Expenditure Survey
  or data exchanged with partner countries

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ESCWA Questionnaire Mode 2

• SPECIAL CASES
• EDUCATION
• HEALTH CARE

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Travel (1/6)

• ESCWA Questionnaire (Mode 2)
• Objective
• to measure earnings and expenditures of resident
  short-term visitors abroad and non-resident
  short-term visitors in the reporting country
  (Mode 2)

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Travel (2/6)

• Includes
• Tourists
• Business-related travel
• Seasonal workers
• Students
• Health-related travel

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Travel (3/6)

• Data Sources
• Arrivals and Departures (Immigration)
• Length of stay (Immigration)
• Traveller Survey (ESCWA Model Survey)
• Data obtained at airports from departing
  visitors
• Data obtained from returning resident travellers
  (Customs Declarations, Household Expenditure
  Surveys)
• Surveys administered by tourism authorities
  and/or National Statistics Offices
• Sampling to derive average tourist expenditures

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Travel (4/6)

• SPECIAL CASES
• EDUCATION
• HEALTH CARE

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Travel (5/6)

• Education
• Students to be treated as residents of their home
  country as long as they continue to be students
  and maintain an attachment to households in their
  home country
• Exception to one-year rule (centre of economic
  interest)

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Travel (6/6)

• Health Care
• Medical patients to be treated as residents of
  their home country as long as they continue to
  receive treatment and attached to households in
  their home country
• Exception to one-year rule (centre of economic
  interest)