Environmental Performance of Cables, Motors

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Environmental Performance of Cables, Motors
Transformers
Hans De Keulenaer European Copper
Institute hdk_at_eurocopper.org

• Web event
• February 10, 2006
• 14h00 15h00 Europe Standard Time

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Content

• Introduction to Leonardo ENERGY
• The Ws of the toolbox
• Examples
• Demonstration
• How to work with the toolbox

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What is Leonardo ENERGY?

• A partnership between industry academia on
  sustainable electrical energy
• Outreach
• Training professional development
• Advocacy
• Energy policy regulation

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Leonardo ENERGY campaigns

• Distributed generation renewables
• Efficiency eco-design
• Electric motors
• Green building

• Home of the future
• Lighting
• Policy finance
• Power Quality
• Transformers
• Transport

Website www.leonardo-energy.org
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Leonardo ENERGY activities

• Application notes
• Articles
• Briefing papers
• Direct (e)mail
• Minute lectures
• Polls
• Press articles
• Reports

• Seminars
• Software Tools
• Surveys
• Webcasts
• Web events
• Workshops

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Content

• Introduction to Leonardo ENERGY
• The Ws of the toolbox
• Examples
• Demonstration
• How to work with the toolbox

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Why focus on (electrical) energy?

• Environmental impacts from energy use
• To atmosphere
• Sulphur emissions to atmosphere 85
• Carbon-dioxide 78
• Particulate emissions 45
• Lead emissions 41
• Non-methane hydrocarbon 40
• Electricity consumes 40 of primary energy

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Reducing the environmental impact of electricity

• 2 approaches
• Clean generation efficient conversion
• Renewables
• Combined-cycle
• Efficient use
• Reduce the amount of electricity needed to
  provide an energy service

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Why an ecodesign toolbox?

• For material producers
• Define environmental performance of active
  materials in the use phase
• less is not always more
• For equipment manufacturers
• Marketing tool for high efficiency
• Environmental declaration
• For energy users
• Declaration of improved environmental performance
• For policy makers
• Environmental impact of policy measures on
  efficiency
• Include externalities into policy making

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Why now?
Availability of good LCI material databases
Availability of tools allowingparametrized LCA
Ecodesign toolfor parametrizedLCA of
equipmentfamilies
Experience with LCA forelectrical equipment
Electrical equipment catalogswith large
varieties
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Ecodesign toolbox - how

• 90 of environmental impact of electrical
  equipment is caused by electricity use
• The remaining part is mainly caused by the
  extraction, production and transformation of
  materials
• Life-cycle assessment for equipment can be
  simplified, based on good data for
• Environmental profile for materials
• Equipment lifetime, load, efficiency
• Environmental profile of electricity

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Which life-cycle stages?

• Production
• Only material use
• Use phase
• Only electricity use, based on European grid mix
• End-of-life
• Credit for materials re-used

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Which impact categories?

• materials use
• energy use
• climate change
• photochemical oxidant formation
• acidification
• eutrophication
• ozone layer depletion
• end-of-life waste
• Not included toxicity, physical effects (noise,
  vibration, electromagnetic fields)

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Which equipment types?

• Power cable
• Overhead lines
• Transformers
• Dry-type
• Oil-cooled
• Motors

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Next steps

• Generic equipment model
• Bill-of-materials
• Losses or energy use in kWh(no load modelling)
• Including thermal equipment
• How to handle power electronics?
• Generic generation model
• Major types of conventional generation
• Wind, ocean, and photovoltaics
• Not biomass

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Generation, conversion and end-use
generation
equipment
?
energy
primary
energy
carrier
conversion loss
e.g. power stations, wind generators
end-use
conversion
equipment
equipment
energy
energy
energy
energy
input
service
output
input
energy
loss
e.g. transformers, motors, cables
e.g. appliances, pumps, lighting systems
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Modelling
Utilization
Manufacturing
End-of-Life
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Load modelling

• Transformers
• Motors
• Cables

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Content

• Introduction to Leonardo ENERGY
• The Ws of the toolbox
• Examples
• Demonstration
• How to work with the toolbox

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Example 1 amorphous iron transformer100 kVA
10 loaded
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Impact - numerical
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Impact - graphical
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Example 2 High Efficiency Motors1.5 kW 33
loaded
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Impact - numerical
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Impact - graphical
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Content

• Introduction to Leonardo ENERGY
• The Ws of the toolbox
• Examples
• Demonstration
• How to work with the toolbox

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Content

• Introduction to Leonardo ENERGY
• The Ws of the toolbox
• Examples
• Demonstration
• How to work with the toolbox

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Practical

• I-report models available on a royalty-free
  licence basis
• E-mail request to hdk_at_eurocopper.org
• Complete licencing form
• Receive package
• Publisher models available on a royalty-bearing
  licence basis
• E-mail request to hdk_at_eurocopper.org
• Order licence
• Receive access to intranet with tools, models
  (including future models) and knowledge inventory

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• Thank you for your attention