Stress:

1
Stress

• the nonspecific response of the body to any
  demand made upon it

2
Stressors

• factors with the potential to cause stress

3
Psychosomatic

• Mind-body
• psychoneuroimmunology

4
Psychogenic

• Disease caused by emotional stress structural
  and functional organ damage, yet no microbial
  invasion or natural degenerative process.

5
Examples

• backaches, skin reaction, peptic ulcers, migraine
  headaches, some respiratory disorders

6
Somatogenic

• Emotional disturbances such as anxiety, anger,
  fear, and frustration increase the body's
  susceptibility to organic diseases

7
Types of Stress

• Psychosocial Stress
• Caused by outside factors
• Bioecological Stress
• Caused by environment
• Personality Stress
• Caused by one's internal thoughts
• Occupational Stress
• Caused by one's occupation

8
Psychosocial Stressors

• Adaptation
• Frustration
• Overload
• Deprivation

9
Adaption

• Body's attempt to restore homeostasis in the face
  of forces that upset the natural bodily balance.
• Change
• Life Events

10
For Adaptive Stress

• Establish routines
• Use time-management techniques
• Establish a weekly "mental health" day
• Minimize lesser changes during periods of major
  change

11
Frustration

• The thwarting or inhibiting of natural or desired
  behaviors and goals
• Overcrowding
• Discrimination
• Socioeconomic Factors
• Bureaucracy

12
For Frustration

• Find new alternatives to the frustrated goal

13
Overload

• A level of stimulation or demand that exceeds the
  capacity to process or comply with those demands
  overstimulation
• Urban Overload
• Academic Overload
• Domestic Overload

14
For Overload

• Practice time management and set priorities
• Avoid overcommitments--learn to say no
• Determine optimal stress level
• Reduce tasks to manageable parts
• Delegate responsibility

15
Deprivation

• The psychophysiological stress response caused by
  states of boredom and/or loneliness.

16
For Deprivation

• Plan activities
• Challenge yourself

17
Bioecological

• Noise
• Food
• Certain foods mimic/activate bodys reaction to
  stress
• Lighting
• Time
• Shifts

18
Personality

• Control
• Perceived
• Self-esteem
• Connectedness
• Uniqueness
• Power
• Model
• Type A Personality
• Hurry sickness
• Performing 2 or more tasks simultaneously

19
Occupational

• Lack of Control
• Taking on more responsibilities
• Being Underqualified
• Job Interference with Interpersonal Affairs
• Or interpersonal affairs interfere with job

20
Modes to Deal With Stress

• Social Engineering
• Re-prioritizing
• Active efforts to reduce stress
• Passive efforts to reduce stress

21
Social Engineering

• Dont do the things that cause stress
• Change/modify what you can

22
Re-prioritize

• Identify importance
• Change values
• How important will this be when you are on your
  death bed?

23
Active Efforts

• Yoga
• Exercise
• Ego-void
• 20-30 minutes at a time

24
Passive Efforts

• Give yourself a gift of time
• Mental Imagery
• Progressive Relaxation
• Hot bath
• Prayer

25
Other Activities

• Journal writing
• Social Support
• Volunteerism

26
Implications for Worksettings

• Critically examine work shift schedules
• Provide time during the day to relax
• Promote a sense of group support
• Rotate individuals in tedious/boring positions

27
Implications for Worksettings cont

• Realize personal life and work cant be separated
• Support the concept that absenteeism is sometimes
  OK