Accelerators in our Future

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• Accelerators in our Future
• ILC and Beyond

Barry Barish Caltech Neutrino Telescope -
Venice 13-March-09
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Scientific Frontiers
From P5 Report
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Three Frontiers (from P5 Report)

• To address the central questions in particle
  physics, researchers use a range of tools and
  techniques at three interrelated frontiers
• The Energy Frontier, using high-energy colliders
  to discover new particles and directly probe the
  architecture of the fundamental forces.
• The Intensity Frontier, using intense particle
  beams to uncover properties of neutrinos and
  observe rare processes that will tell us about
  new physics beyond the Standard Model.
• The Cosmic Frontier, using underground
  experiments and telescopes, both ground and space
  based, to reveal the natures of dark matter and
  dark energy and using high-energy particles from
  space to probe new phenomena.
• These three frontiers form an interlocking
  framework that addresses fundamental questions
  about the laws of nature and the cosmos. These
  three approaches ask different questions and use
  different techniques, but they ultimately aim at
  the same transformational science.

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Answering the QuestionsThree Complementary
Probes

• Neutrinos as a Probe
• Particle physics and astrophysics using a weakly
  interacting probe
• High Energy Proton Proton Colliders
• Opening up a new energy frontier ( 1 TeV scale)
  
• High Energy Electron Positron Colliders
• Precision Physics at the new energy frontier
• Increasing connections to Astrophysics/Cosmology

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Exploring the Terascalethe tools

• The LHC
• It will lead the way and has large reach
• Quark-quark, quark-gluon and gluon-gluon
  collisions at 0.5 - 5 TeV
• Broadband initial state
• A Linear Collider (e.g. ILC)
• A second view with high precision
• Electron-positron collisions with fixed energies,
  adjustable between 0.1 and 1.0 TeV
• Well defined initial state
• Together, these are our tools for the terascale

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Electron-Positron Colliders
Bruno Touschek built the first successful
electron-positron collider at Frascati, Italy
(1960) Eventually, went up to 3 GeV
ADA
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Energy Frontier Lepton Colliders
ILC
ILC lt 1 TeV Technically possible 2020
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Energy Frontier Lepton Colliders
CLIC
Drive beam - 95 A, 300 ns from 2.4 GeV to 240 MeV
Main beam 1 A, 200 ns from 9 GeV to 1.5 TeV
CLIC lt 3 TeV Feasibility? Longer timescale
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Energy Frontier Lepton Colliders
Muon Collider Neutrino Factory
Muon Collider lt 4 TeV FEASIBILITY?? Much longer
timescale

• Much RD Needed
• Neutrino Factory RD
• bunch merging
• much more cooling
• etc

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Energy Frontier Lepton Colliders
Plasma Wakefield Accelerator
Accelerator R D Only
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Intensity Frontier Proton Driver
Project X - Fermiab (ILC SCRF technology)
Intense Protons / Neutrinos for Long Baseline
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Intensity Frontier Super B Factory
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Intensity Frontier Super B Factory
KEK proposed path to Super B
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Intensity Frontier Super B Factory
INFN alternate approach to Super B
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Intensity Frontier Super B Factory
INFN proposed path to Super B
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Globalizing Future Neutrino Projects?

• Globalization has become inevitable for future
  accelerator projects
• Big HEP laboratories provide natural unifying
  mechanisms
• MoUs for joint RD provide long range regional
  planning exchanges between labs, etc
• Large International projects with host
  laboratory, governance etc for LEP, LHC,
  Tevatron, B-factories
• Next step is global projects
• Globalized project concept, RD, design,
  implementation, financing, governance and science
• Oversight and guidance jointly by the worldwide
  funding agencies (FALC) and scientific (ICFA)

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International/Global Organization
PAC
ILCSC
FALC
FALC-RG
Directors Office Central Team EC
AAP
ILC-GDE Director
Regional Directors
Project Managers
Experts
SCRF-ML G-CFS AS
EU
AM
AS

• Project. M. Office
• EDMS
• Cost Schedule
• - Machine Detector Interface
• - ILC, XFEL, Project X liaison
• ILC Communications

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ILC Underlying Technology

• Room temperature copper structures
• OR
• Superconducting RF cavities

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SCRF Technology Recommendation

• The recommendation of ITRP was presented to ILCSC
  ICFA on August 19, 2004 in a joint meeting in
  Beijing.
• ICFA unanimously endorsed the ITRPs
  recommendation on August 20, 2004

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Funding Agencies for Large Colliders

• TERMS OF REFERENCE
• To consider the wider picture of particle physics
  research, to understand the priorities and
  constraints in each region and to provide
  information and guidance to governments for
  planning and coordinating large particle physics
  facilities.
• To improve the possibilities for international
  co-operation by understanding the planning
  processes in the funding agencies.
• To provide a forum to prepare for, and report,
  decisions about funding arrangements for future
  particle physics facilities.
• To provide a forum to promote knowledge of the
  applications of the technologies to be developed
  for large colliders, both in other scientific
  areas and in industry.
• Recognising ICFA as the scientific reference
  point, to receive reports from ICFA (and its
  subsidiary bodies as appropriate), on the status
  of programmes for future particle physics
  facilities.
• To exchange information on RD projects being
  carried out for future particle physics
  facilities requiring international cooperation.
• To encourage global cooperation in the RD
  programmes for existing projects (such as the LHC
  and J-PARC), promote coordination for projects in
  the RD and design phase (such as the ILC) and
  share information on possible future technologies
  and projects (such as CLIC and a neutrino
  factory).
• To promote for the ILC specifically, the
  coordination of resources and the conduct of an
  RD programme for the engineering design phase,
  and to work towards an appropriate organisational
  structure for the engineering design phase.
• To produce a public annual report, including a
  scientific report from ICFA and information on
  the global picture of RD for future particle
  physics facilities.

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Funding Agencies for Large Colliders
Membership Representatives of funding agencies
(up to 5-7 per region), or their nominees. The
Chairman should be elected from amongst the
members, for a period of 3 years. In attendance
Chairs of ICFA and ILCSC Chair of the FALC
Resources Group The Public notes of the meetings
can be found at http//www.linearcollider.org/cms/
?pid1000305.

• To promote for the ILC specifically, the
  coordination of resources and the conduct of an
  RD programme for the engineering design phase,
  and to work towards an appropriate organisational
  structure for the engineering design phase.

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Accelerators Industrial Applications
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Accelerators Medical Applications
New Treatment Modalities with protons, heavy ions
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Accelerators Final Remarks

• Many possibilities - upgrades (sLHC, etc), medium
  term (Project X, SuperB) and longer term (Linear
  Collider) for accelerators for HEP
• HEP is the field that invents new accelerators
  develops accelerator techniques.
• This is a real service to society
• We are developing tools for future applications
  other sciences (material science, biology, etc),
  for industry (material science) and for medicine
• A global and vigorous program in accelerator
  science is crucial for the future of HEP and also
  for many other applications