Vulnerable and Loving It

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Vulnerable and Loving It(?)
Jim Lafrenz, P.E. American Concrete Pavement
Association 5420 Old Orchard Road Skokie, IL
60077 [phone] airports_at_pavement.com
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Which Target Would You Select?
RISK
You Cannot Afford Either Option
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April 1983 63 Deaths
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253 Marines October 1983
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1993 6 Deaths, 1042 Injuries
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19 Deaths Hundreds Injured
1996
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212 Deaths 4650 Injured
1998
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USS Cole 17 Dead
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3600(?) Deaths Thousands Injured
September 11, 2001
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The Response
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168 Deaths 400 Injured
1995
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The Terrorist Defined

• Foreign
• Theological
• Cultural
• Extremist
• Depends Upon Terror to Make a Statement
• Targets Large Populations
• Depends Upon Media Coverage

• Domestic
• Targets a Specific Group or Icon
• Extremist
• Uses Terror to Subdue or Avenge

Time and Date of Strike?
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Basic Conclusions

• Active Defense Fails
• Police
• Military
• Intelligence
• Passive Defense Not Implemented
• Anti Collapse
• Controlled Entry
• The Target Will Be Defeated

• Active Defense Will Continue to Fail
• Policy for Passive Defense Will Continue to Lag
  Events
• No Consideration for Minimizing Collateral Damage

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Tactics and Threats

• Vehicles
• Attack
• Stand-Off
• Ballistics
• Entry (Forced/Covert)
• Airborne - Chem/Bio
• Waterborne - Bio

• Threat
• Minimum (50 )
• Low(220)
• Medium (500)
• High (1000)
• Special Case

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Levels of Protection

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Stand Off Distance
TNT Equivalent
Feet
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TNT EQUIVALENCY
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Relative Explosive Weights
220 lb. charge
50 lb. charge
AUTOMOBILE trunk or other location - easily
hidden
AUTOMOBILE trunk/passenger compartment - not
easily hidden
500 lb. charge
1,000 lb. charge
PICKUP bed filled
TRUCK 2-1/2 ton truck larger back compartment
filled
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Stand Off Distance
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Conventional Annealed Glass
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Glass With Micro Film
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Window Retrofits
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WINDAS
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Organizing for Vulnerability
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Organizing for Defense
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(No Transcript)
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Escaping Vulnerability

• Plan for Passive (Buildings Kill and Injure - Not
  Bombs)
• Use Active as the interim and not the rule

• Logical Analysis
• Minimize Cost
• Maximum Collateral Protection
• Standoff and Delay Most Effective Techniques
• Chance of Discovery

Targets Are Always Defeated
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Vulnerability Assessment Tools

• Security Engineering Planning Assistant
• Mil HDBK 1013-10, 12, 14
• WINDAS
• DoD AT/FP Construction Standards
• Protective Structures Automated Design System

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Questions
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