Behavior Change: The Soul of Health Promotion

1
Behavior ChangeThe Soul of Health Promotion
2

• What was the last major life change you
  implemented? (i.e. job, health, family)
• Why did you do it?
• What did you have to overcome?
• What did you have to learn?
• What motivated you?
• Whos help did you have to enlist?
• When did it become permanent?
• Did you change your environment?

3
Social Marketing

• Focus The application of commercial marketing
  technologies to increase the practice of healthy
  behaviors in order to improve individual and
  collective well-being.

4
Social Cognitive Theory/Social Learning Theory

• Focus Behavior is explained by dynamic
  interaction among personal factors, environmental
  influences, and behavior.

5
Stages of Change/Transtheoretical Model

• Focus Readiness to change or attempt to change a
  health behavior varies among individuals and
  within an individual over time. Relapse is a
  common occurrence and part of the normal process
  of change.

6

• From
• Contemplation

7
To Action
To Action
8
Theory of Reasoned Action/Theory of Planned
Behavior

• Focus People are rational beings whose intention
  to perform a behavior strongly relates to its
  actual performance through beliefs, attitudes,
  subjective norms, and perceived behavioral
  control.

9
Health Belief Model

• Focus Peoples' perceptions of the threat of a
  health problem and appraisal of behavior
  recommended to prevent or manage problem.

10
Does Anyone Use These Models?
11
What Really TriggersHealth Behavior Change?

12
You would think . . .

• that having had a heart attack would be enough to
  persuade a man to quit smoking, change his diet,
  exercise more, and take his medication

13
You would think . . .

• that hangovers, damaged relationships, an auto
  crash, and memory blackouts would be enough to
  convince a woman to stop drinking

14
You would think . . .

• that very real threats of blindness, amputations,
  and even early death would be enough to motivate
  diabetics to lose weight, exercise and eat better

15
You would think . . .

• that time spent in prison would dissuade people
  from re-offending

16
(No Transcript)
17
Why is behavior change so hard?

• Fix me up Doc mentality
• Too much pressure to be unhealthy
• Lack of education
• Lack sufficient motivation
• Dont know how
• Barriers are too great to overcome
• I-dont-care-itis

18

• Behavior Change Simplified

19

• Educate
• Motivate
• Build skills
• Change the environment

20
Behavior Change even more Simplified

• Why and What
• How
• Things that help me do this

21
Educate (Why and What)

• Create individual awareness
• Create community and organizational awareness and
  support
• Create buzz

22

• Flyers
• Posters
• Email notifications
• Television/video programs
• Books

• Payroll stuffers
• Internet sites
• Magazines
• Lunch and learns
• Special speakers
• Newsletters

23
Motivate

• Before/after stories in newsletters
• Incentives
• Extrinsic and intrinsic
• Triggers
• Emotional
• Social
• Physical/health

24
Build Skills (How do I do this?)

• How to overcome barriers
• How to strategies
• Goal setting, contracts
• Healthy substitutions
• Making healthy choices
• How to make healthy foods
• Finding inexpensive healthy foods

25
Change the Environment

• Physical Environment
• Policy
• Culture

26
Supportive Environments

• Physical environments
• Healthy food in cafeteria
• Freedom from media and advertising that peddle
  risky behaviors
• Farmers market
• Free from overly demanding work
• Opportunities to be physically active
• Walking paths
• Bike paths
• Recess and PE at schools

27
(No Transcript)
28
(No Transcript)
29
(No Transcript)
30
(No Transcript)
31

• Smoke free air to breath at home
• Safe place to exercise
• Convenient access to healthy, inexpensive foods

32

• Policies
• Medical coverage for preventive services
• Absenteeism policy that supports being healthy
• No smoking policies
• Flex time
• Time to be healthy
• Free from overly demanding work

33

• Culture
• Health role models (champions)
• Peer support
• Supportive friends
• Church, community support
• Worksite health promotion programs

34
Trans fats

• Educate
• Motivate
• Build skills
• Change the environment