Caversham Primary School Imagineering Club 200910

1
Caversham Primary School Imagineering Club 2009/10

• Mr Evans, Miss Mwape, Mr McLaughlin

2
Development of Flight
Leonardo da Vinci sketched flying machines in
1475.
George Cayley experimented with fixed wing
gliders in early 1800s
Montgolfier Brothers hot-air balloon flew in 1783
William Henson designed a steam powered monoplane
in 1845
Felix DuTemple designed the first aeroplane in
1857
3
Development of Flight
Alphonse Penaud experimented in 1857 with model
planes powered by rubber bands with raised wing
tips and tailplane
Otto Lilienthal built and flew the first glider
in 1891, and the first hand glider in 1896
Wilbur Orville Wright made the worlds first
powered and controllable aeroplane in 1903
4
Todays Planes
5
Name the parts of a glider
Elevator
Aileron
Tail Fin
Fuselage
Rudder
Airbrake
Cockpit
Aileron
Wheel (Retractable)
Nose
Wing
6
Controlling Flight
Vertical and horizontal control surfaces are
important to the STABILITY of the aircraft.
The surfaces at the tail act like feathers on an
arrow and keep the nose pointing in the direction
of travel. The FIN and TAILPLANE make it stable.
The dihedral of the wings also increases the
stability of an aeroplane.
Dihedral is the angle at which the wings are
inclined upwards when the plane is viewed head on.
7
Controlling Flight
The CENTRE of GRAVITY should be about half way
between the centre and the front of the wing
It is very important for stability of the plane.
It is the point at which the plane Pitches, Rolls
and Yaws
If the CG is too far to the rear the plane will
STALL
If the CG is too far to forwards the plane will
DIVE
We can add and remove weights to the nose of our
model plane to achieve level flight
8
How do Wings work
The shape of the wing is very important. A
symmetric wing will not work
The wing shape (aerofoil) needs to have a bulge
in the top and a flat underside
The effect of the lower pressure on top and
higher pressure underneath is to cause LIFT
The air travels faster and further over the top,
hence causes a lower pressure to form
9
Differences Glider vs Plane
10
How is a Glider launched
Either Towed by a plane
Or Towed by a Winch on the Ground
11
How can it get higher
Thermal Soaring from warm air from objects heated
in the sun such as buildings
Hill Soaringwind blown up by a hill
12
Glider pictures
Airbrake in action
Cockpit view
Cockpit close up
13
What is next
Glue your fuselage to the wings