Sustainable Waste Management is based on two goals:

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Alternatives Report Waste Management in Sai Kung
Amy Wakeford Cynthia Siu Lok Liru Wang Huadong
Song
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Problems raised in the baseline studies

• Management - waste management is controlled
  centrally and not locally.
• Policy - lack of policies and market-based
  measures to enforce waste reduction (Eg. waste
  disposal charges and collection fees).
• Public education - lack of education on the
  importance of waste reduction.
• 4. Community Initiatives - lack of community
  initiatives and involvement.

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1. Upstream effects of waste - poor awareness and
   policies controlling the upstream production and
   effects of products (manufacturers, producers,
   retailers).
2. Facilities - Lack of reuse, recycling and
   recovery facilities in Sai Kung and Hong Kong.
3. Perception - waste is looked at as a useless by-
   product, rather than a resource.

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Concerns of Stakeholders

• Residents
• They feel there are not enough recycling
  facilities in SK and are located in inconvenient
  places.
• Feel that they cant do much because the
  government hasnt provided the facilities or they
  unaware of what already exists.
• Restaurants
• They are concerned about the hygiene impact from
  food waste.
• They want the most cost-effective and efficient
  waste management system.

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• Local pickers
• They are concerned about getting as much
  recyclable waste as possible to make money.
• Would like more support from the government in
  what they are doing.
• NGOs
• Their main concern is the government isnt doing
  anything.
• People should take their own initiative to reduce
  the amount of waste they produce. For example,
  Composting
• Government (District councilor)
• He thinks that there are not enough waste
  collection and recycling facilities in Sai Kung.
• He would like to see the government do more about
  waste reduction.

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Gap analysis
University of British Columbia
Southeast False Creek
Small town within a big city, surrounded by ocean
and parks Community composition Hi-rise
residences, houses, businesses, restaurants,
offices, university buildings Official community
plan incorporates sustainable development
Small community within a big city Community
composition Mid-rise residences and a few
businesses Official community plan based on
sustainable development (acts as a model)
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Benchmarking
Benchmarks UBC Southeast False Creek Sai Kung
1. Plans and Policies Official Community Plan- incorporates sustainable waste management Official Community Plan- incorporates sustainable waste management Hong Kongs municipal solid waste strategy
2. Mode of management Locally controlled community initiative Locally controlled community initiative Centrally controlled
3. Waste management system Well developed recycling and composting scheme Well developed recycling and composting scheme Poorly developed recycling scheme and no composting
4. Main types of waste produced Paper, plastic and organics Paper, plastic and organics Paper, plastic and organics
5. Community involvement High High Low
6. Public education and awareness High High Low
7. Market-based measures Incentives for waste reducers and charging for not recycling office paper Free organic and recycling collection/ charge for collection of garbage Small incentive for reuseable bags in chain stores
8. Integrated with other sectors of the community Integrated with urban agriculture and horticulture Integrated with urban agriculture Isolated
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Alternatives - Government

• Policy Measures (HK governments new policy
  framework)
• Waste charging, producer responsibility
  scheme, and landfill disposal bans
• 2. Public education
• EPD, NGOs and local council should
  provide workshops, posters, pamphlets and letters
  on the 4 Rs (reduce, reuse, recycle and recover)
  and how the community can get involved.
• Facilities
• The government should provide more waste
  recycling facilities in various locations.
• Markets
• The government should provide more
  incentives and subsidies to promote local
  recycling and recovery industries.
• 5. Provide Funding to promote community
  initiatives and waste reduction programmes.

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Community Plan Community composting and urban
agriculture
Villages
Schools
Composting garden with public allotments
Composting and environmental education garden
Community
Community composting, public allotments public
education garden
Product- compost (Fertilizer)
Town centre
Bio-diesel
Markets
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Community Initiative

• Action Plan
• To promote decentralization of waste management
  by the local council and increase community
  involvement.
• To develop a community-based circular economy
  through urban agriculture and composting.
• To improve the social development of SK by
  employing local pickers and the unemployed as
  food waste collectors.
• To reduce the level of organic matter going to
  the landfill.

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Town centre

• Aim
• To manage the food waste from restaurants and
  residential units.
• To develop a local urban agriculture system.
• To educate the public on waste reduction and
  composting practices.

Plan Create a community-based organic waste
collection service and composting garden.
Provide public allotments for locals who want to
grow organic vegetables and develop a weekly
farmers market. Develop an education centre
related to composting and green technologies.
Type of facility
In-vessel composting facility
Farmers Market
Public allotments
Education Centre
Bio-diesel
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Villages

• Aim
• To manage the food waste from residential units.
• To provide public allotments for locals to grow
  vegetables.

Plan To create an organic waste collection
service and community composting gardens within
the villages. The compost bins will be managed by
the locals in payment for an allotment.
Type of facility Small gardens centrally located
within villages. Use of drum composting bins.
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Schools

• Aim
• To educate our next generation about waste
  reduction

Plan To create a small scale composting garden
for educational purposes. Initiate class
composting
Type of facility Small scale composting garden
(Rooftop composting garden if land is
limited) Different types of composting bins e.g.
worm bin, drum barrel
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Circular economy
Local residents sell organic produce and compost
at a Farmers Market held at the community garden.
Locals who want to a piece of land to grow food
can have it for free if they volunteer to manage
the composting bins.
Local residents buy local food and dispose of
food waste in the designated collection bins.
Public education and community involvement
Waste is collected by local pickers or unemployed
with VVs powered by bio-diesel.
Waste is taken to a community composting garden
and composted.
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Bio-diesel

• Clean burning alternative fuel produced from
  domestic renewable resources.
• Contain no petroleum, can be blended at any
  level with petroleum diesel.
• No major modification on the conventional
  engines is needed.
• Compare with petroleum diesel, it can reduce
  78 CO2, 47 particulate matter and 48 CO.

• Aim
• To manage used animal fat and cooking oil
  from restaurants and residential units.
• To provide a clean source of fuel for the
  food waste collection trucks.

Plan Collect the used animal fat and cooking oil
from restaurants to be used to make biofuel. To
create a small bio-diesel production site at the
town centre composting garden. To fill the
collection trucks with bio-diesel.
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Markets for compost

• Town centre community garden
• Public allotments
• AFCD forest fertilization
• Gardening centers
• Local buyers
• Villages
• Public allotments
• Schools
• School garden

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Benefits

• Environmental
• Divert waste from landfill
• Extending the life of the landfill
• Minimize the methane production at landfill
• Reduce pollution (transportation)
• Enhance local biodiversity
• Improve food security

• Social
• Provide education to the younger generation
• Improve the local hygiene
• Increase awareness on waste reduction,
  composting and green technologies.
• Provide jobs for local pickers
• Foster a sense of community
• Promote a healthy and organic diet.

• Economic
• Production of local produce
• Production of compost
• Generating job opportunities for the unemployed.
• Extending the life of the landfill

• Political
• Devolution of power
• to the local council.

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Indicators and targets for the composting and
urban agriculture scheme
Indicator Target
Total amount of organic waste diverted from the landfill All organic waste diverted from the landfill
Community participation rate 100 participation
Number of local pickers and unemployed working as collectors Increasing
Amount of local produce sold at the farmers market Increasing
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• The End