A Fair Fight Analysis Tool for Distributed Simulation

1
A Fair Fight Analysis Tool for Distributed
Simulation

• Dr. Rena Zhang
• Dr. Terry S. McDermott
• Mike Butterworth
• Conway A. Bolt
• Northrop Grumman Information Technology
• Orlando, FL

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Outline

• Unfair Fight Definition
• Examples for Unfair Fight Situations
• Possible Causes for Unfair Fight Situations
• Analysis of Unfair Fight Situations and Causes.
• Implementation
• Discussion

3
Fair Fight Definition

• Two or more simulations may be considered to be
  in a fair fight when differences in the
  simulations performance characteristics have
  significantly less effect on the outcome of the
  conflict than actions taken by the simulation
  participants.

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Unfair Fight Situations ? Examples

• Entity B failed to detect entity A when it
  should.
• Entity B doesnt respond (fire back or take
  cover) to Fire/Detonation from entity A when it
  should.
• A and B are firing at each other using similar
  munitions, however, A gets damage but B gets
  little damage comparing to A.
• A and B are similar type of vehicle, however, A
  gets considerable less damage than B in a similar
  collision situation.
• Entity A suffers Damage differently than entity
  B.

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Unfair Fight Situations ? Examples (Continue)

• A and B are equivalent units in two different
  simulations, however, they behave differently
  during the execution of the same task.

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Possible Causes

• Physical Model
• Behavioral Model
• Environmental Model
• Network Performance

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Cause Physical Model

• Weapon range and effect
• Radio communication model
• Target acquisition
• Visual sensor model (visibility range, FOV and
  LOS algorithm)
• Sensor model (Sensor range, FOV and detection
  algorithm, sensitivity, environment interactions,
  target signatures)
• Electronic countermeasures (EC)
• Attrition model

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Cause Behavioral Model

• Damage assessment
• Mobility (Maneuver, velocity / acceleration,
  terrain and soil type)
• Collision
• Engagement (Rules of Engagement, rate of fire,
  and delivery accuracy)
• Concealment

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Cause Environmental Model

• Location and orientation
• Visibility
• Terrain representation
• Weather and atmosphere representation

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Network Performance

• PDU update rate
• PDU latency
• PDU error
• PDU drop rate

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Unfair Fight Situation and Cause

• Entity B failed to detect entity A when it
  should.

• A and B have different LOS algorithms.
• A and B have different terrain / environmental
  models.
• A and B have different visibilities caused by
  weather and environment models.
• A and B have different sensor models.
• A and B have different target acquisition
  algorithms.

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Unfair Fight Situation and Cause (Continue)

• Entity B doesnt respond (fire back or take
  cover) to Fire/Detonation from entity A when it
  should.

• B may not have line-of-sight to A.
• B may ignore PDUs from A.
• Evasion model may fail due to location of B
  (Terrain data around position of B).

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Unfair Fight Situation and Cause (Continue)

• A and B are firing at each other using similar
  munitions, however, A gets damage but B gets
  little damage comparing to A.

• A and B have different damage assessment models
  or damage assessment tables.
• A and B have different delivery accuracies for
  the same munition.
• A may model environmental effects that B does not.

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Unfair Fight Situation and Cause (Continue)

• A and B are similar type of vehicle, however, A
  gets considerable less damage than B in a similar
  collision situation.

• A and B have different collision models.
• A and B have different damage assessment models
  or damage assessment tables.

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Unfair Fight Situation and Cause (Continue)

• Entity A suffers Damage differently than entity
  B.

• A and B have different damage assessment models
  such as component level vs. system level.

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Unfair Fight Situation and Cause (Continue)

• A and B are equivalent units in two different
  simulations, however, they behave differently
  during the execution of the same task.

• Different behavior models in terms of unit
  behavior, decision-making and C2.
• Different radio communication models within the
  units.

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Implementation Using a Plug-in Infrastructure
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Benefits of the Infrastructure

• Centralized run-time data collection suite.
• Easy modification of the tools.
• Easy addition of the tools.

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Discussion

• How to guarantee that all unfair situations would
  be identified?
• How to identify the cause accurately?
• How to identify multiple causes?
• How to perform the analysis before run-time?
• How to extract the information from simulation
  models?
• Fair Fight analysis between Manned Module and
  CGF.