We are from Seven Kings High School

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We are from Seven Kings High School
And we were assigned to do..
Project 3
The Jumping Ring
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Michael Faraday
Born 22 Sept 1791 in Newington Butts, Surrey
(now London) EnglandDied 25 Aug 1867 in Hampton
Court, Middlesex, England
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The English chemist and physicist Michael
Faraday, born in Sept. 22, 1791,and died in Aug.
25, 1867, is known for his pioneering experiments
in electricity and magnetism. Several concepts
that he derived directly from experiments, such
as lines of magnetic force, have become common
ideas in modern physics. Faraday was
born at Newington, Surrey, near London. He
received little more than a primary education,
and at the age of 14 he was apprenticed to a
bookbinder. There he became interested in the
physical and chemical works of the time. After
hearing a lecture by the famous chemist Humphry
Davy, he sent Davy the notes he had made of his
lectures. As a result Faraday was appointed, at
the age of 21, assistant to Davy in the
laboratory of the Royal Institution in London.
During the initial years of his scientific work,
Faraday occupied himself mainly with chemical
problems. He discovered two new chlorides of
carbon and succeeded in liquefying chlorine and
other gases. He isolated benzene in 1825, the
year in which he was appointed director of the
laboratory. Davy, who had the greatest influence
on Faraday's thinking, had shown in 1807 that the
metals sodium and potassium can be precipitated
from their compounds by an electric current, a
process known as electrolysis. Faraday's vigorous
pursuit of these experiments led in 1834 to what
became known as Faraday's laws of electrolysis.
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• Faraday's research of electricity and
  electrolysis was based on his idea that
  electricity is only one of the demonstrations of
  the forces of nature. Although this idea was
  incorrect, it led him into the theory of
  electromagnetism. By 1820, Charles Coulomb had
  been the first to show that electric charges
  repel one another, but then in 1820 Hans
  Christian Oersted and Andre Marie Ampere
  discovered that an electric current produces a
  magnetic field. Faraday's ideas about saving of
  energy led him to think that if an electric
  current can cause a magnetic field, a magnetic
  field should be able to produce an electric
  current. He showed this idea of induction in
  1831. Faraday showed the electric current in the
  wire by the number of lines of force that are cut
  by the wire. The principle was important in
  applied science.

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Faraday had demonstrated electromagnetism in a
series of experiments. This experimental need
probably led James Clerk Maxwell to believe the
theory of lines of force and put Faraday's ideas
into mathematical form, and so producing modern
field theory. Faraday's discovery in 1845 found
that an intense magnetic field can rotate the
plane of polarized light and is known today as
the Faraday effect. Faraday described his several
experiments in electricity and electromagnetism
in three volumes called Experimental Researches
in Electricity and his chemical work was shown in
Experimental Researches in Chemistry and Physics.
Some examples of Faradays work include
switching on a light bulb, and as easy as that
you can experience Michael Faradays brilliant
and fascinating discovery. And so, that is why
Faraday is so important today!
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Key
A, B, D, K are constants of proportionality R
Electrical resistance M Mass
F Impulsive force L Electric current T
Temperature H Height
Equation 1 FAL
Equation 2 LB R
The 273 in the equation is there because the
coldest temperature of the liquid nitrogen is
273C therefore, the colder the temperature, the
less resistance there is thus, making the ring
jump higher.R can never equal a negative number
because the lowest value possible for T is 273
C.
Equation 4 RK(T273)
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Equation 1 FAL
Equation 2 LB R
Equation 4 RK(T273)
1. From these equations, we substituted B/R into
equation one to give FA B/R This is equation 5
2. We then substituted RK(T273) into equation 5
to give FA B/K(T273) This is equation 6
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Since A, B, D, K and M are all constants we can
make all the values equal to one which results in
the following equation
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The values of H are always positive because the
ring can only jump upwards.
The values of the temperature are greater than or
equal to the 273.
The relevant part of the graph is between 0 and
273.
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H Height
T Temperature
When T 20 C H 0.00165cm (c.t 5 d.p)
When the temperature drops from 20 C to -196
C, the height becomes slightly more than ten
times greater
When T -196 C H 0.01687cm (c.t 5 d.p)
If we continue to decrease the temperature, the
height to which the ring will jump increases even
further.
We tried T -272C which gave the height to
which the ring jumped as 1 meter. When we took
-273C, the height increased continuously on to
infinity (making it impossible to measure). For
evidence, please see the graph which is available
on the page above.
From equation 4 (R K(T273) ) we can see that
when T -273 C then R 0, so there is
nothing to stop the ring jumping to infinity.