Research

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OBSERVING THE OCEAN FROM THE COOLroom RESULTS
FROM A DECADE OF COLLABORATIVE PARTNERSHIPS
Scott Glenn, Oscar Schofield Many
Others Coastal Ocean Observation Lab
(COOL)Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences
(IMCS)Rutgers University
Research http//marine.rutgers.edu/cool
Education http//coolclassroom.org
Public Outreach http//www.thecoolroom.org
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Academic Operational Observatories An
Incomplete History Pre-NOPP sorted by
personal experience
Operational Oceanography has been changing for 2
decades!
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Science Question Hypoxia/Anoxia Bottom
Bathymetry
Continuous Sampling on the New Jersey
Shelf Began in 1993
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30 X 30 km LEO CPSE Each July, 1998-2001
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The COOLroom Operational Collaboratory
COOLroom Skunk Works Model
COOLroom War Room Model
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LEO Collaborations Partnerships
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Scientific Publications by Year for Selected
Field Experiments
Time between the final mooring recovery and
publication of the special issue is still 3
years. The Observatory transforms
the publication step function into a ramp.
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Scientific Publications by Number of Authors for
the Special Issues
Average Number Of Authors Per Paper CODE 2.6
Authors CMO 4.0 Authors LEO 6.5 Authors
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The Evolution of Coastal Observatories in the New
Jersey Region
Spatial
Time Series
Regional
LEO-15 Cable 1996
LEO CPSE 1998-2001
NEOS 2000
MARA 2004
NJSOS 2001
LEO-15 Cable 2004
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NJSOS MISSION STATEMENT

• Continuously operate, and, through
  science-engineering partnerships,
• develop new enabling technologies to improve, a
  sustained coastal ocean
• observatory that
• 1. Promotes scientific research by
• a. providing a well sampled ocean for
  traditional research studies
• b. acquiring continuous data to study
  long-term trends and episodic events
• c. providing assimilation data to models
  to improve predictability
• Promotes science education by
• a. providing a data-rich environment for
  PhD, MS, and BS theses
• b. providing a hands-on training ground
  for operational oceanographers
• c. interfacing with ongoing K-12
  educational activities
• Promotes public outreach to academic, government
  and industry by
• a. maintaining a public website for the
  distribution of real-time data
• b. developing a data archive for
  historical analyses
• c. pursuing partnerships to develop new
  products

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New Jersey Shelf Observing System
Organizational Structure
Groups that provide funds or senior level
advice Multiple lead scientists is
resilient to departures Single point of contact
Collaborative science experience Working
groups that include industry partners.
Scientific Steering Committee Rutgers Scientists
Director of Operations
Satellite Working Group
CODAR Working Group
Glider Working Group
Open communication structure Scientific,
Educational and Public User Contacts at all
levels. Industry Partner Contacts at all
levels.
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NJSOS Questions (Guess the User Quiz)

• How are metal contaminants in industrialized
  rivers transformed as a river plume flows onto
  the continental shelf and along the coast, and
  how is the transformation modified by
  upwelling/downwelling favorable winds?
• How does the vertical structure and intensity of
  the seabreeze vary in both the offshore and
  onshore directions, what controls its evolution
  in time, and how is this modified by coastal
  upwelling and downwelling?
• What is the spatial and temporal variability in
  the inflow and outflow at the mouths of the large
  east coast bays, and how is these modulated by
  varying freshwater inflows and wind forcing?
• 4.    Over what time scales does the spatial
  structure of the seasonal sub-surface cold pool
  vary, and what is the dominant forcing for this
  variation?
• Can knowledge of the evolving spatial current
  structure be used to determine and eventually
  predict if fish spawned in a specific reserve
  area will seed adjacent reserve areas, and which
  estuary the resulting juveniles will enter?

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NJSOS Questions (continued)
6. How can observed Eulerian current fields be
best transformed into Lagrangian trajectories?
7. How does the onshore/offshore transport of
sediment vary along the coast, and how is this
affected by different storm types and local
topography? 8. How are different
phytoplankton blooms (harmful and otherwise)
affected by the relative contributions of
nutrients from land or from offshore, how does
this effect hypoxia, and how does this vary
spatially relative to the large highly-populated
estuaries? 9. How large of a sink or source
is the continental shelf for atmospheric
carbon? 10. How do the deep canyon features
crossing wide continental shelves (e.g. Hudson
Shelf Valley and Canyon) disrupt regional flow
patterns, and what is the resultant effect on
sediment transport and fish species?
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Visible Light
FY1-D (China)
Ocean Color
NOAA AVHRR
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MODIS NEOS Area 250 m False Color
Oceansat OCM (India) Pass 25 26
360m Chlorophyll
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• Proposed Collaboration Standards
• Oversight Committee CODAR Operators
• Broadcast frequencies Coordinated, GPS Timing
• Calibration Measured Beam Patterns
• Data Formats Naval Post-Grad School
• Data Sharing Hourly Radial Data Files via ftp
• Products Discretion of Individual Institutions

Funded Systems
Proposed Systems
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NEOS CODAR Network
Ocean.US Surface Current Mapping Initiative 2003
As of January 2004
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Single Glider AUV Operations at LEO - 2000
RF Repeater
ADCP vs. Glider Drift Comparison
Temperature Cross Section July 19,
2000
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Multiple Glider Operations at Multiple Locations
- 2003
Iridium Antenna
NJ Shelf
Mass. Shelf
West Florida Shelf
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How do we build a Smart Glider Fleet?
Use Agent Oriented Software- For Self-aware
Self-controlled Robots
Collaborative Society of Glider
Software Agents
NASAs Deep Space 1 Fly-by of Comet Borrelly
KNOWLEDGE
DECISION MAKING
SENSORS
REPRESENTATION

PLANNING
KNOWLEDGE BASE
REASONING
COMMUNICATION
SITUATION
MODELLING
COMMUNICATION
PROTOCOLS
Glider Fleet Mission Status Panel
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NJSOS Operational Research Results Two year
average CODAR surface currents (2002-2003)
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NJSOS Operational Research Results 1-Week
Average surface currents and satellite
imagery Realization of the cross-shelf transport
jet - October, 2003
AVHRR SST CODAR
MODIS NWLR CODAR
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NJSOS Operational Research Results Cross-shelf
glider section
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LaTTE A Process Study in an Operational Ocean
Observatory Lagrangian Transport and
Transformation Experiment
Robert Chant1, John Reinfelder1, Scott Glenn1,
Oscar Schofield1, John Wilkin1, Bob Houghton1,
Bob Chen3, Meng Zhou3, Mark Moline4, Paul
Bissett5 ,Tom Frazer6.
1Rutgers,2 Lamont-Doherty, 3U. Mass Boston,
4FERI, 5Calpoly, 6U. Fla. Gainsville
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Operational Data Distribution Route Map
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Save Lives - Operational Search And Rescue
Demonstration Coast Guard, UConn, URI, Rutgers -
2004
Current operational prediction
CODE drifter
CODAR based prediction
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Save Money Seabreeze Why we need a better
scientific understanding Large increase in
summer coastal population Greatest challenge
for the power grid Local generation required
to meet demand Many windmill designs
being considered Seabreeze modulates power
demand Coastal upwelling modulates
seabreeze Operational monitoring beginning 2004
June 29, 2002
June 30, 2002
Census 2000
July 1, 2002
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Whats Still Missing?
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Academic Operational Research Observatories
Community Experience Is measured in
decades LEO Experience Science still takes
time, but we are more collaborative NJSOS
Experience Sustained spatial observations
are now a coastal reality Vision for the
Future Use data-assimilative
multi-disciplinary forecast models to
explore the limits of predictability How do we
get there? New technologies - Industry
partnerships New understanding
Scientists engaged New people -
University training