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Energy Use Rationalization in DPRK

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Instruments for laboratories and energy audits. Computers, ... Energy use control (instrumentation) Waste heat recovery. Building structure heat loss reduction ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Energy Use Rationalization in DPRK


1
Energy Use Rationalization in DPRK
  • Energy Efficiency Activities in the DPRK and
    Opportunities for Rationalization of Energy Use
  • by Jan Jasiewicz

2
Contents
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. Activities on Energy Use Rationalization in
    the DPRK
  • 3. Opportunities for Energy Rationalization
  • 4. Conclusions and Recommendations

3
Introduction - Energy Sector Brief (early 1990s)
  • Indigenous Sources of Energy
  • - Coal
  • - Hydropower
  • - NRSE
  • Dependence on Coal 80 of total supply
  • Coal Consumption
  • - Power Generation 40
  • - Industries 35- 40
  • Potential for Energy Conservation 20 - 60

4
Characteristics of the Energy Sector (early 1990s)
  • Shortage of energy supply
  • High dependence on coal
  • Energy inefficient technologies
  • No single institution responsible for energy
  • Lack of energy rationalization policies and
    standards
  • No framework to relate energy development plans
    to the national economy plans

5
Energy Intensity and Energy Requirements 1987
  • Energy Intensity Energy Requirements
  • TOE/1000GNP TOE/cap. y
  • DPRK 2.0 2.0
  • OECD 0.44 4.63
  • USA 0.60 7.47

6
Energy Efficiency Projects
  • Uncoordinated local activities in the past
  • Projects supported by UNDP
  • - Assistance to transformer production,
  • - Set-up of the Power Dispatch Center in
    Pyongyang,
  • - Coal Laboratory at Anjou Coal Mine,
  • - Rehabilitation of Power Plants,
  • - Energy Rationalization at the End-use
    Sub-sector (1993 - 1998).

7
Energy Use Rationalization
  • Conservation Potential in Industries 30-50
  • UNDP Project Energy Rationalization at the
    End-use Sub-sector implemented 1993-1998,
    focused on Industrial Sector.
  • Project Objectives
  • 1. Set-up of the Center of Rational Use of
    Energy (CRUE)
  • 2. Develop energy supply/demand data system
  • 3. Direct assistance to industries

8
Set-up of CRUE(Operational since 1996)
  • New 7 floor building (offices, auditoriums, and
    laboratories)
  • Floor area 2,300 sq m
  • Staff 104
  • Instruments for laboratories and energy audits
  • Computers, software, various equipment
  • Vehicles

9
CRUE Organization
  • Seven Departments
  • Energy Data Bank Planning Dept.
  • Energy Audit Dept.
  • Industrial Techniques Processes Dept.
  • Total Energy Systems Dept.
  • Instrumentation Dept.
  • Technical Information Training Dept.
  • Environment Protection Dept.

10
CRUE - Staff Training
  • In-country Training
  • - refreshment training (SAS)
  • - on-the-job training (International Experts)
  • Overseas Training
  • - Fellowship program
  • - Study tours

11
CRUE - Fellowship Program
  • Korean specialists were trained abroad on
  • Energy Data Bank Planning
  • Total Energy Systems
  • Waste Heat Recovery
  • Industrial Furnaces
  • Heat Recovery Equipment
  • Industrial Steam Systems
  • Thermal Insulation
  • Energy Audit Techniques
  • Rational Use of Electricity

12
Energy Data Bank Development
  • Development of Energy Data Series for 1989 -1997
  • Development of the Sectoral Energy Diagnosis

13
Assistance to Industries (1)
  • Detailed Energy Audit Program
  • - 10 plants audited
  • - plant energy saving potential 15 - 60

14
Assistance to Industries (2)
  • Demonstration Projects Program
  • Waste Heat Recovery at a Forging Furnace
  • Efficiency increased from 15 to 50
  • Steam Use Improvement at a Brewery
  • Energy savings 35
  • Application of Variable Speed Drive
  • Electricity savings 30

15
Opportunities for Energy Rationalization (1)
  • Classification of energy rationalization
    measures
  • Category I - Housekeeping, SPP less 1yr
  • Category II - Process Improvement, 1-3 yrs
  • Category III - Major Equipment Changes,
  • SPP over 5 years
  • In DPRK major chances have Cat. I and II measures
    (may reduce up to 40 of excess energy)

16
Opportunities for Energy Rationalization (2)
  • Selected Measures
  • Combustion efficiency improvement
  • Elimination of leaks (water, steam, air, gas)
  • Steam system improvements
  • Thermal insulation improvement
  • Energy use control (instrumentation)
  • Waste heat recovery
  • Building structure heat loss reduction

17
Conclusions and Recommendations (1)
  • 1.CRUE should
  • - upgrade existing energy information system
    incl. set-up of intranet system,
  • - continue industrial energy audit program,
  • - assist industries in implementation of energy
    rationalization projects,
  • - expand energy audits to residential,
    commercial, and transport sub-sectors.

18
Conclusions and Recommendations (2)
  • 2. Research on efficient combustion of local
    fuels to be continued.
  • 3. Perform a detailed review of old and energy
    inefficient plants in the industrial sector for a
    potential technology replacement action.
  • 4. Appraise the pattern and efficiency of energy
    use in the residential sector

19
Conclusions and Recommendations (3)
  • 5. Develop a project on building structure
    thermal loss reduction (residential and
    industrial).
  • 6. Implement intensive English courses for
    technical staff in all sectors.
  • 7. For various projects, foreign financial and
    technical assistance is required.
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