CHAPTER 10 SOFT TISSUE INJURIES

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CHAPTER 10 SOFT TISSUE INJURIES
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WOUND

• Injury to soft tissue involving
• a break in the layers of skin
• Open or Closed

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Types of Closed Wounds
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CARE

• Closed Wounds
• Direct pressure
• Elevate
• Apply cold (20 on / 20 off)
• Seek medical attention if severe

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Types of Open Wounds
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External Bleeding -- CARE

• Direct pressure
• Elevate
• Pressure bandage
• IF NECESSARY
• Pressure points
• Call EMS personnel

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General Guidelines for Roller Bandages

• Check feeling, warmth, color
• Elevate if not broken bone
• Secure end of bandage
• Do not cover fingers or toes
• If blood soaks through, do not remove apply
  additional bandage

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CARE FOR WOUNDS

• Embedded Objects
• DO NOT remove object
• Use bulky dressings to stabilize
• Control bleeding

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Special Considerations

• Amputations
• Control bleeding on victim
• Parts
• Rinse do not scrub
• Place in plastic bag
• ON ice keep cool dry
• Give to EMT

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BURNS

• Injury to the skin
• or other body tissues
• caused by
• heat, chemicals, electricity or radiation

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Severity of Burn Depends On

• Temperature of object
• Location of burn
• Extent of burn
• Victims age and medical condition
• Length of exposure

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SUPERFICIAL / First Degree Burns(Outer Layer)

• Skin is red and dry
• Area is usually painful
• Area may swell
• Heals quick
• No scars

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PARTIAL-THICKNESS / Second Degree Burns(Both
Layers)

• Skin appears red
• Open or closed blisters red wet
• Area swells
• Skin is spotted or blotchy
• Very painful
• Heals in 3 to 4 weeks
• May scar

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FULL-THICKNESS / Third Degree Burns(Both Layers
Fat or Muscle)

• Skin appears brown or charred, tissues appear
  white
• Painful or painless (nerve endings)
• Longer to heal
• Usually scars
• May be life threatening

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Signs Symptoms of Critical BurnsRequires
Medical Attention

• Causes breathing difficulty
• Burns cover more than one body part
• Burns to the head, neck, hands, or genitals
• Deep burns to a child or person over 60
• Burns from chemicals, explosions, or electricity

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General Care for Burns

• Stop the burning process
• Cool the burned area
• Cover the burned area
• Minimize shock
• If you suspect a critical burn call EMS

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Cooling the Burn

• Use large amounts of cool water
• Do not use ice or ice water other than small
  superficial burns
• Can apply soaked towels, sheets, or other wet
  cloths to a burned faced or areas that cannot be
  immersed
• Keep cloths cool by adding more water

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Covering the Burn

• Use dry towel or a clean cloth
• Loosely bandage
• Covering helps lessen the pain and helps prevent
  infection

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Chemical Burns

• Call Poison Control Center
• Flush gently for 20 minutes
• Only flush chemicals is directed to do so!

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Electrical Burns

• May severely damage underlying tissue
• Look for an entrance and an exit site
• Only approach if scene is safe power source has
  been turned off

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First Aid for Electrical Burns

• Turn power source off
• Check breathing circulation
• Do not move a victim unless necessary
• Cover burn with dry sterile dressing
• Seek medical attention

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INFECTIONSigns Symptoms

• Area around wound is swollen red
• Pus discharge
• Fever feeling ill
• Red streaks develop
• Area feels warn throbs with pain

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INFECTIONCare

• Keep area around wound clean
• Apply a warm, wet compress antibiotic ointment
• Apply dressing bandage, change daily
• Seek medical care if victims condition worsens