Architecture Unit 1

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Architecture Unit 1

• Introduction and Advanced Classes

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Chapters Covered

• Ch. 1 The World of Architecture
• Ch. 2 Basic House Design
• Ch. 3 Primary Considerations

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Vocabulary Preview

• Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
• Cape Ann
• Cape Cod
• Southern Colonial
• Contemporary (modern)
• Cooperative

• New England Gambrel
• Postmodern
• Ranch
• Salt Box
• Garrison
• Multifamily Housing

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Essential Question

• Why do you think some architectural types have
  remained popular.

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Architectural Types

• Cape Ann
• Cape Cod
• The Garrison
• Ranch Style
• Salt Box
• Southern Colonial

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Colonial Architecture

• There are six types of Colonial Architecture
• Cape Cod
• Cape Ann
• Salt Box
• Southern Colonial
• Garrison
• Dutch Colonial

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Characteristics of a Cape Cod

• Traditional Colonial Style
• Centrally located chimney
• One or one- and a half stories (1 ½)
• Eaves line near top of window
• Narrow trim lines
• Shutters Generally used on Windows
• Steep Gable Roof with little overhang

• Is one of the earliest and best known styles of
  colonial architecture.

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Characteristics of Cape Ann

• Traditional Colonial house
• Large central chimney
• Gambrel Roof
• Attic Rooms Available
• Short overhangs
• Narrow siding

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The Garrison

• Traditional Colonial style
• Overhanging Second story
• Steep Pitched Gable Roof
• Attic Space for more rooms
• Narrow Siding
• Corners Decorated with carved brackets
• Central Fireplace

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Reasons for using Garrison Style

• The separate corner post on each floor make it
  possible to use shorter stronger post.
• The Short straight line provide an economy in
  framing materials.
• Extra space is added to the second story by
  having the overhang with little extra cost.

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The Saltbox

• Traditional Colonial style
• Long low roof in rear
• Large Central Chimney
• Wood Shingle Roof
• House shaped like boxes colonist used.

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Southern Colonial

• One of the most gracious of the colonial period
• Reflected the warmth quaintness and hospitality
  of the south
• Usually has front colonnade and large portico.
• Portico sheltered the entrance from the sun and
  weather

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Southern Colonial

• Outgrowth of Greek Revival
• Front Colonnade
• Two story Portico
• Upper and lower balconies
• Three Story chimney
• Hip and gable roof
• Ornate woodwork and wrought iron trim

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Dutch Colonial

• Usually constructed of field stone or brick
• Gambrel roof with a flare at the bottom
• Central entrance
• Chimney not centered
• Windows with small panes
• Second-story dormers

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Contemporary Styles

• Contemporary styles are architecture styles not
  directly related to the past. These styles are
  not always well balanced or equal in appearance
• These include
• The Ranch Design
• A long low one story house style
• Low pitched roof
• Built on a concrete slab
• Was designed after ranchers homes in SW US

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Trends in Architecture

• Homes are now built for dramatic affects
• They are also built for a particular landscape
  such as the seashore, the hillside or even
  cliffs.
• Postmodern Architecture has a mix of contemporary
  with past popular styles.

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Multifamily Housing

• Multifamily housing is housing that can house
  several families.
• This includes apartment building or even
  condominiums.

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Cooperatives Co-Ops

• Cooperatives are multifamily dwellings that each
  family holds a part in the stock of the building.
  The building is ran as a corporation.
• Condominiums are different, in a condo you own
  the apartment out right and part of the land.

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THE ADA ACT of 1990

• Makes Discriminating against a disabled Person
  Illegal
• Covers Public accommodations of privately owned
  businesses.

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Public Accommodations included in ADA

• Removal of architectural and communication
  barriers such as installing ramps and curb cuts,
  widening doors, eliminating turnstiles,
  installing raised toilet seats and grab bars,
  installing flashing alarm lights and
  telecommunications devices for persons who are
  deaf, adding raised elevator buttons for persons
  who are blind, and providing parking that will
  accommodate people in wheelchairs.
• In addition, depending on the use of the area,
  the path of travel to bathrooms, telephones,
  drinking fountains, and other facilities may also
  need to be made accessible.

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Public Accommodations not include in the ADA

• Public accommodations do not include Multifamily
  Housing, which is covered under the Federal Fair
  Housing Act of 1988 Private Clubs Religious
  Organizations and Public Entities such as State
  or Local Governments or Divisions thereof, which
  are governed by different standards under Title
  II of the ADA.