Anatomical Review

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Anatomical Review
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Basic Anatomic Position
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Body Planes
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Coronal Plane
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Sagittal Plane
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Transverse Plane
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Anatomical Directions
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Anatomical Directions
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Anatomical Directions

• Valgus outward angulation of the distal segment
  of a bone or body part
• Varus inward angulation of the distal segment
  of a bone or body part.
• Latin Definitions
• Valgus - "bowlegged"
• Varus - "knock-kneed"

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Anatomical Directions
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Anatomical Directions
Hallux Valgus
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Defined Motion
Abduction Movement away from the midsagittal
plane of the body Adduction Movement towards
the midsagittal plane of the body
Shoulder
Exceptions Fingers Abduction and adduction
are movements away from and towards axial line
through the third digit. Toes Abduction and
adduction are movements away from and toward
axial line through the second digit.
Hip
Wrist
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Defined Movements

• AB duction

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Defined Movements

• AD duction

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Defined Motion
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Defined Motion
Flexion Anterior motion (forward from the
coronal plane) for the head, neck, trunk, upper
extremity, and hip and posterior motion
(backward from coronal plane) for knee, ankle,
and toes. Extension Posterior motion for the
head, neck, trunk, upper extremity, and hip and
anterior motion for knee, ankle, and toes.
Shoulder
Elbow
Hip Joint
Wrist
Fingers
Knee
Ankle
Toes
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Defined Movements
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Defined Movements
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Defined Motion
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Defined Motion

• Pronation/Supination
• Hand - Pronation is when the forearm rotates
  such that the palm faces backward. Supination is
  the rotation that causes the palm faces forward.
• Foot - Pronation is when the foot rotates in the
  direction that causes more weight to be supported
  on the inside of the foot. Supination is the
  rotation that would cause weight to be on the
  outside of the foot.

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Defined Motion
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Defined Motion
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THE END