Water Resource Accounts for South Africa

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Water Resource Accounts for South Africa

• Jackie Crafford (ZETA Consulting)
• Prof Rashid Hassan (CEEPA)

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Table of Contents

• A History of WRA in South Africa
• Water as a natural resource in South Africa
• Development imperatives versus water scarcity
• Water management principles
• Physical WRA Structure
• Physical WRA Data and data sources
• Monetary WRA
• The importance of WRA to StatsSA DWAF
• Recommendations for others doing WRA

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Water Resource Accounting In South Africa

• Towards WRA for RSA 1991-1998 (RANESA CSIR
  DEAT/DWAF/WRC/AG)
• Upper Vaal River Account (StatsSA)
• RSA National Account 2000 (StatsSA)
• Current (RANESA ZETA Consulting StatsSA/DWAF)

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Water as a natural resource in South Africa

• Population 47 million
• GDP US 200 billion

• Water yield 13 billion m3

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Water as a natural resource in South Africa
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Development imperatives versus Water Scarcity

• Rural (domestic stock watering)
• Urban (Direct (domestic) Indirect (industrial,
  commercial, communal))
• Mining Bulk (not via municipalities)
• Power generation
• Irrigation
• Afforestation
• Transfers

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Water management principles

• National Water Act (1998), NWRS
• Equity, sustainability, efficiency
• Water Management Areas
• Catchment Management Agencies
• MAR Yield
• Transfer schemes

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Water Management Areas of South Africa
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MAR Yield

• Natural Mean Annual Runoff 49 billion m3
• Ecological Reserve 9.5 billion m3
• Dam Storage Capacity 32 billion m3
• Yield 13.2 billion m3
• Natural Resource Surface Water (77)
• Natural Resource Ground Water (8)
• Usable Return Flows (14)

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Yield
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Yield vs MAR
Evaporation
70
60
Yield
30
2.0
0.2
1.0
Mean Annual Runoff
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Transfer Schemes
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Water flow through the economy
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Physical WRA Structure of Supply Table (SEEA,
2003)
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Physical WRA Structure of Use Table (SEEA, 2003)
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Physical WRA Adapted SA Supply Use Table
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Physical WRA Adapted SA Supply Use Table
S1
S1, U1
S1
S2
S2, U2
S2
S3, U3
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Physical Accounts Data and data sources

• Evaporation, transpiration
• Assurance
• Water year (October-September)
• Sources (Dates)
• Water measurement
• Hydrological Modelling
• Dam Balances (Yield)
• Publications
• ISP Process Documents
• Ecological Reserve
• Dryland agriculture

Asset Account
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Monetary WRA Data

• Water year vs Financial year
• Spatial water data vs Spatial economic data
• SIC classification vs Water Management
  classification
• Operation of water management tiers vs National
  Statistics

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Monetary WRA (Source CSIR 2001)
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SA Monetary WRA

• Water Management Tiers
• Administered tariffs and subsidies

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The importance of WRA to StatsSA DWAF

• Improved data collection and interpretation
• VAD as a measure of water value? NO
• Compulsory licensing water markets?
• Other valuation techniques

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Recommendations for others doing WRAs

• Stakeholder involvement
• Alignment to water legislation (terminology,
  objectives)
• Relevance of outputs
• Internalisation of values