Support to Security Sector Reform

1
Support to Security Sector Reform

• A- new approach towards Human Security in Albania

2
How It Started

• During crisis in 1997
• 1,300 Army, Police and National Intelligence
  Service stores were looted
• 550,000 small arms, 900 million rounds and six
  million explosives were stolen
• 1,500 murders occurred during the crisis
• 5,000 criminal acts occurred in 1997
• Weapons Collection Law was introduced in August
  1998-2002, governing
• Weapons possession
• Weapons registration
• Nationwide amnesty of voluntary surrender

3
UNDP Involvement

• UNDP assisted Albania through
• three Weapons Collection projects
• (1)
• Dec 1998 Jan 2000 Gramsh
• Pilot Project (GPP)
• (one district)
• (2)
• Jun 2000 Jan 2002 Weapons
• in Exchange for Development
• Project (WED)
• (two districts)
• (3)
• Feb 2002 Feb 2004 Small
• Arms and Light Weapons
• Control Project (SALWC)
• (fifteen districts)

WED Elbasan Diber 5,700 weapons collected 3
million rounds of ammos 16,000 weapons destroyed
23 Development Projects 1,800,000
(2)
Shkoder
Kukes
Diber
Tirane
WED in Gramsh 5,891 weapons collected 10 million
rounds 12 Development Projects 800,000
(1)
Elbasan
Gramsh
Vlore
SALWC in 5 Prefectures Kukes, Lezha, Shkodra,
Vlora and Tirana 66 DP Projects 1.5 million
App. 10.000 weapons collected App. 7 million
rounds of ammos collected 71,544 explosives
collected (3)
4
SALWC Mandate

• Public awareness locally and nationwide- The
  Backbone of the SALWC success
• Logistic support to weapons collection teams
  nationwide
• Development projects based on competition
• Pilot project on weapons control system database
  test Tirana and eventual extension to other
  prefectures
• NOTE SALWC project was not at any time directly
  involved in actual collection of weapons

5
SALWC Implementation

• Implementation Components
• Public Awareness Information (PAI)
• Development Projects (DP)
• Logistic support to MoPO (WC)
• Data-base weapons control system

6
From SALWC to SSSR
A perceived need to expand from SALWC project to
Support Security Sector Reform Programme (SSSR)
7
Support To Security Sector Reform Programme
(SSSR)
8
Community Safety and Security

• Conclusions
• Around 10,000 weapons have been surrendered
• 66 DPs have been awarded at total cost of 1.5
  million USD
• 30 Vehicles and 24 Metal detectors donated
• The legislative framework is in place until March
  2005
• The Weapons Collection Structure established.
• Pilot Database programme for weapons registration
  and control has been implemented
• Great experience has been gained in close
  collaboration with Police and Local Authorities
  (34 CPSGs)
• WC activities are continuing

9
PreliminarilyActivities

• Police Survey and Customer Satisfaction Study
• 3000 citizens were interviewed
• 1200 police
• General Policy Framework Document has been
  produced and delivered to all partners
• Operational Document has been produced

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Police Transparency and Accountability
COMMUNITY BASED POLICING
COMMUNITY PARTNERSHIP
SUPPORT TO POLICE IMAGE
Public/police - Premises
Increase PR Capacities
PAI ACTIVITIES
Community Police Partnership
Improve Police Public Reception Facilities
School Awareness Program
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Public Awareness and Information Strategy
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PAI Campaign

• The PAI Campaign provides the behavioral effect
  on Police Image Change and CBP.
• The PAI will be preceded by TV Spots carefully
  designed to be shown in the national as well as
  local TV Stations.
• Part of the Campaign is also the production and
  distribution of a series of Posters and Brochures
  on CBP.
• Another important successful element is the
  Round Table to be aired at the National Level
  with the participation of Decision Makers, and at
  the local level with the participation of highest
  ranking local authorities.
• The direct interviews in the media be it print or
  electronic will be another tool of the campaign
  towards the cognitive change.
• The press releases interviews will concretize
  more the necessity for this change in the most
  visible and tangible way possible.

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Challenges

• Lack of an overall strategic framework for CBP
• Major demands and expectations to Albanian Police
  
• Lack of trust between public and police
• Organized crime and corruption seems to exist in
  the country (this influences the police
  organization)
• Police are not trained enough about CPB
• Police organization is still highly centralized
• Citizens feel that police are not concerned about
  their problems and do not do enough.
• Mentality and culture of the police and citizens

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Implementation of CBPPhase I Structures

• Building structures to support CBP activities
• CBP Working Group within the International
  Consortium.
• National Steering Group (representatives from
  MoPO, MoLG and MoE).
• Regional Steering Group (representatives from
  prefecture, regional council, police, directorate
  of education, SSSR).
• Working Group at municipality level (same line
  representatives)
• Implementation Team at municipalities
  (representatives from municipality, quarters, PR
  officer, PO inspector, SSSR, etc).

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Implementation of CBPPhase I Selection of
quarters

• The selection of areas within a municipality will
  be conducted in close
• collaboration with LG, according the following
  criteria
• Good relations between police/local authorities
• Effective group established in the quarter
• Commitment to change shown by police/public
• Evidence of existing CBP initiatives
• Previous involvement in WC activities
• Conducive environment for the initiatives in
  terms of crime situation, social problems,
  population composition
• Existing premises that can be utilized

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Implementation of CBPPhase II- Capacity Building

• Brainstorming of project team and Steering
  Committee on the Implementation Strategy,
  insuring ownership.
• Round table on introduction of the Implementation
  Strategy in the Region Level.
• Organize together with local police workshop
  sessions regarding CBP and issues of concern.
• Promotion of CBP philosophy within the Police
  Academy (seminars involving experts).
• Develop together with stakeholders PAI materials
  (leaflets, posters, handbooks etc).
• Exchange experience with partners in CBP area
  (PAMECA, DANIDA, OSCE,IDM).
• Establish partnership twins model between the
  implementation teams among municipalities.

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CBP Phase III- Implementing Initiatives

• Improve Public Reception Rooms in Police
• Commissariats
• Identify and establish office and working plan.
• Collect information regarding security problems
  in the quarter by the IT (crimes, robberies etc).
  
• Disseminate information regarding duties and
  responsibilities of the public through meetings,
  leaflets, chronics on TV.
• Take action on solving several security issues in
  the community (serving as catalyst).
• Monitor security situation in the community by
  tracking information and progress reports.
• Identify a network of support services and refer
  victims of crimes to those services.

• Increase PR Capacities
• Support capacity building of the PR office in
  Police Directorate.
• Provide equipment and improve physical
  infrastructure of the PR office in PD.
• Ensure that the PR office is the first
  information provider to local media (Press
  conference in local media, press releases).
• Develop close relationships with media aiming to
  increase capacities in media management of PR
  officers in PD and access to information.
• Support improving the public image of the police
  through PAI activities and campaigns (TV spots,
  round tables, special chronics on TV,
  specifically developed informative products like
  leaflets, brochures, flyers etc).
• PR officers in PD develop initiatives in
  mediation of local media during meetings between
  the police and the community regarding the
  community security problems.

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CBP Phase III- Implementing Initiatives

• Community Police Partnership - Support the
  improvement of the Police Image
• Improve physical infrastructure of the Reception
  Desk in Police Commissariat.
• Create a friendly environment for public.
• Provide training and advice for the CBP police
  officer in the designated quarter on different
  issues (client oriented skills, code of ethic,
  dealing with difficult cases).
• Support the improvement of the filing and the
  flow of information cycle between the citizen
  CBP police officer specific police services in
  commissariat.
• Citizen Suggestion Box in front of Police
  Commissariat

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Awareness Education Programme

• Selection of schools in intervention areas.
• Promote the close collaboration and an
  understanding of the importance and
  interdependence of schools, the community, and
  law enforcement as leaders for change (meeting of
  police inspectors with school community).
• Promote safety and security within the school
  through small grants, to the benefits of
  collaboration and problem solving.
• Empowering youth to address school violence
  issues in the area of human rights education
  (youth initiatives in violence prevention).
• Build a sustainable model of the role of the
  education and law enforcement culture in the
  establishment and maintenance of partnerships
  between school and police.

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OUTCOMES

• Establish functional and sustainable structures
• CBP working group established within the Target
  Quarter.
• Improved dialogue and cooperation between the
  police and communities.
• Capacities of police, and communities (LG, CPSGs,
  NGOs, schools) on CBP initiative built.
• Enhanced capacities of PO inspectors on CBP
  initiative.
• Improved image of the police
• Sustainable capacities in PR office built
• Establish sustainable connection between police,
  schools and community.

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COMPONENTS Detailed Plan of Activities

• Community Police Partnership - Encourage and
  promote
• crime prevention and quality of life issues.
• Develop preventive initiatives through education
  and public awareness activities (educational
  sessions, Human Rights education, PAI materials).
• Increase Problem Solving Skills among community
  groups and local police structures (develop
  models for Problem Solving) .
• Increase patrolling in the community.
• Promote models of collaboration between the
  community and police (advise meetings with
  business, for home security etc).
• Organize regular community meetings with
  representatives of structures in the community
  (schools, business, NGOs).
• Use the school awareness program as a linkage
  between Schools Communities Police.