Hours of Sleep and Perceptions of Job Stress

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Hours of Sleep and Perceptions of Job Stress

• Jaymie-lynn, Shanna, Karen, Jen and Tarron

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Clinical Nursing Problem

• Shift work takes its toll on the amount and
  quality of sleep
• RNs working shift work often perceive their job
  as stressful
• Is this a result of sleep deprivation or a
  decreased quality in sleep?

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Objectives

• To identify sleep as an essential need of nurses
  as they are a vital role in the health care
  system.
• To identify a relationship between job
  satisfaction and sleep.
• To increase awareness of the issue within nurses
  and other health care members.

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Research Questions

• Does the quality and quantity of sleep affect
  nurses perceptions of their job?
• Is shift work significantly affecting the quality
  and quantity of sleep?

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Hypothesis

• Nurses who achieve at least 8 hours of
  uninterrupted sleep each night have a more
  positive perception of job satisfaction when
  compared to nurses who achieve less than 8 hours
  of uninterrupted sleep each night.

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What is Known..

• The literature describes that fatigue has a
  negative effect on nurses and on patients.
• Nurses who are fatigued may have a negative job
  perception.
• Nurses who are fatigued and have a negative job
  perception are more likely to make errors.

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What Will Our Study Add?

• The proposed research study will find a
  correlation between quality and quantity of sleep
  and perceived job satisfaction by RNs working
  12-hour shifts.
• This study will provide suggestions for improving
  quality and quantity of sleep which will in turn
  improve job satisfaction and will decrease
  medical errors.

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Theory

• Quality Caring Model
• Suggests 2 major components. A person is an
  independent participant that is connected to a
  larger world with unique feelings, experiences
  and attitudes.
• The major propositions of the model is that
  relationships characterized by caring contribute
  to positive outcomes for nurses,
  patients/families, and systems/organizations. 
• In order to care for patients nurses must first
  care for themselves. This theory applies to our
  proposed research initiative in that it stresses
  the importance of caring and recognizes the
  positive outcomes of caring for both the nurse
  and patient.
• It also recognizes that the time needed for
  nurses to take care of themselves is often
  ingnored by the health care system.

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Ethical Considerations

• Approved by Nipissing Universitys board of
  ethics.
• Informed verbal and written consent will be
  obtained from all subjects prior to conducting
  study.
• Each participant has the right to accept or
  decline the offer of participation and may
  withdraw at anytime if so desired.
• Privacy and confidentiality will be discussed and
  maintained for all participants.
• At no time throughout the study will a
  participants identity be revealed.
• The facility will be aware and in accordance with
  proposed research study of their employees.
• The research study will in no way affect the
  participants attitudes or feelings towards the
  employer and vice versa.

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Research design

• Design Predictive Correlational
• A correlational study is used predominantly to
  generate nursing knowledge.
• We hope to find a correlation between the amount
  of hours of sleep in a night and the level of job
  satisfaction among RNs working shift work

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Validity of Design

• Non-Experimental Design
• Survey
• Correlational study
• PSQ Index
• Job satisfaction rating scale.

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Sample and Inclusion Criteria

• Controlled Sample
• Target Population
• 200 RNs on 12-hour shifts randomly selected
• Male or female
• Minimal of 2 years at current facility (needed to
  adequately assess satisfaction)
• Minimal 3 years of nursing experience

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Setting

• North Bay General Hospital
• This will be a brief survey so nurses can choose
  to complete it during their shift or on break

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Methods

• A survey method will be used specifically
  questionnaires.
• The study will anonymous and self-administered
  using specific closed-ended questions.
• How many hours of sleep do you get prior to a 12
  hour shift?
• Are your sleeping habits generally uninterrupted?
• On a scale of 1-5 please rank the level of
  stress you feel on the job?
• This method will achieve confidentiality while
  also capturing the feelings of job stress and
  sleeping patterns.

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Demographic Data

• Demographic Data will be measured with a
  questionnaire including questions related to age
  and work schedule including shift rotation,
  number of on call shifts and overtime hours as
  well as other biographical data.

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Procedure

• The director of nursing will explain purpose of
  survey and will be passed on to the charge nurses
  on each floor
• The charge nurses will explain the study to
  participants
• The participants will be informed that all
  information is confidential
• Completed surveys will be placed in an envelope
  and then sealed

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Data Analysis

• Results from scales will be scored and
  descriptive statistics will be computed. Multiple
  Regression will be used to measure the magnitude
  of the relationship between the variables.
• Multiple regression measures the relationship
  between one interval level dependent variable
  (job satisfaction) and several independent
  variables (shift work and sleep) It is used to
  determine what variables contribute to the
  explanation and to what degree (LoBiondo-Wood, G.
  et all. 2005)

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Limitations

• Individual sleep needs vary
• Outside factors that may affect job satisfaction
• family/home life
• lived ) experiences
• Number of years in the field
• Number of years in that facility
• Personality
• Scheduling may be an issue (some may have a fixed
  schedule, and some may have shift work

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Communications of Findings

• A public presentation will be open to all nurses
  working in healthcare facilities that are
  structured upon shift work.
• This presentation will provide the findings from
  the study including implications to nursing
  practice and possible solutions.
• The findings will be published as a journal
  article and made available to the public for
  general interest.

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This Research will advance Nursing Practice by.

• Educating nurses about the relationship that
  exists between the number of hours and quality of
  sleep, and perceived job stress.
• Inform employers of the possible affects that a12
  hour shift has on a nurses job performance and
  perception.

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Method

• Job Satisfaction
• Measured with a 5 point job satisfaction scale
• Likert-type scale which is a fixed-response
  scale. 1 being completely dissatisfied, five
  being completely satisfied. This type of scale as
  used in a study related to job satisfaction
  where job satisfaction was defined as the degree
  to which an individual is satisfied and happy
  with his or her job (Ruggiero, J. 2006).
  Ruggiero reported internal consistencies range
  from 0.76 to 0.77 using the ronbachs alpha
  test.(2006)

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Communication of Findings

• A public presentation will be open to all nurses
  working in healthcare facilities that are
  structured upon shift work.
• This presentation will provide the findings from
  the study including implications to nursing
  practice and possible solutions.
• The findings will be published as a journal
  article and made available to the public for
  general interest.

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Implications for Nursing

• How to avoid burn out
• Improvement of shift work preparation
• Improved on the job morale
• Increased awareness of self care
• Recognized benefits of adhering to balanced rest
  and work hours

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Improving the Health and Wellbeing of Canadians

• Positive implications for nurses mean positive
  outcomes for patients.
• If nurses are satisfied with their jobs, they
  will provide better patient care throughout their
  shift.
• A well rested nurse has less chance of committing
  an error at work.

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References

• Alsten, C. (1999). Fatigue Management. The
  nursing standard. 5(12). Pgs. 8-12. Retrieved
  from ProQuest database on December 3rd, 2006.
• Balchowicz, E., Letizia, M. (2006). The
  Challenges of Shift Work. Medsurg Nursing.
  Retrieved from the ProQuest database on November
  26th, 2006.
• Beyea, S. (2004). Too Tired to Work Safely?
  Association of Operating Room Nurses. AORN
  Journal. Retrieved from the ProQuest database on
  November 26th, 2006.
• Hung, H. C, Lin, P. C., Hung, Y. J., Pan, S. M,
  Wu, M. T. (2006). The association
• between shift-work Schedule and sleep.
  Epidemiology. 17(6), 514-526.
• LoBiondo-Wood, G. Haber, J. (2005).Nursing
  Research in Canada Methods, Critical Appraisal
  and Utilization. Elservier Canada.
• Rogers, et al. (2004). The Working Hours of
  Hospital Staff Nurses and Patient Safety. Health
  Affairs. Retrieved from the ProQuest database on
  November 26th, 2006.
• Ruggiero, J. (2003).Correlates of Fatigue in
  Critical Care Nurses. Research in nursing Health
  electronic versionretrieved from Proquest
  database November 1st, 2006.
• Ruggiero, J. (2005) Health, Work Variables, and
  Job Satisfaction Among Nurses Journal of Nursing
  Administration. Lippincott WilliamsWilkins,Inc
  November 14th, 2006.
• Waag, S., Dale, S., Erikstein, R. S., Bjorvtn, B.
  (2006). Do age and shiuft work
•   experience matter for sleep and health among
  nurses in a hospital setting? Journal