European Economic Influence in America

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European Economic Influence in America

• VUS.3

2
What were the three types of colonies found in
the New World?
3
Three Types of American Colonies

• Royal colony
• Proprietary
• Charter, or Self-governing

4
What was a Royal colony like?
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Royal Colony

• Controlled by the Crown or the King through an
  appointed governor
• Examples of Royal colonies Virginia,
  Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New
  York, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia

6
What was a proprietary colony?
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Proprietary Colony

• Established by an individual,family or group of
  individuals that were granted rights and
  privileges to a specific region by the king
• Usually given the land in payment for a debt owed
  by the king
• Examples include Pennsylvania, Maryland, and
  Delaware

8
Name two charter or self-governing colonies.
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Charter colonies

• Rhode Island -- founded by Roger Williams in
  1636. He had been expelled from the
  Massachusetts colony for religious beliefs and
  practices he spoke out for Indians and womens
  rights.
• Connecticut -- founded by Thomas Hooker in
  1636. Responsible for the development of The
  Fundamental Orders - 1st written constitution
  in the New World

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Who were the Huguenots?
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Huguenots

• They were French Protestants of the 16th and 17th
  centuries
• They came to America to avoid persecution in
  France for their religious beliefs.
• Settled mainly in the Carolinas.

12
Who were the Quakers?
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Quakers

• A religious group who believed in freedom of
  religious expression. They observed no
  formalized ritual system.
• They opposed military service and refused to take
  oaths
• Sometimes the religion was known by the name,
  The Society of Friends

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Which colony was mainly settled by the Quakers?
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Quaker settlement

• Pennsylvania

16
Which colony was settled as a refuge for
Catholics?
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Catholic refuge

• Maryland

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Which colony was settled as a refuge for debtors?
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Debtors Refuge

• Georgia

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Where were patroonships established?
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Patroonships

• New Netherland, later known as New York

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Which colony was first settled by the Swedes?
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Swedish settlement

• Delaware

24
What was a patroon?
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Patroon

• Title of a member of the class of large Dutch
  landowners in the colony of New Netherland
• The title was conferred upon anyone who settled
  50 persons in the area within a 4 year period

26
Name the New England colonies and their major
sources of income.
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Income of the New England colonies

• New England colonies Massachusetts, Rhode
  Island, Connecticut, New Hampshire, and Vermont
• Income sources shipbuilding, fishing,lumbering,
  small scale farming, and manufacturing

28
Name the four Middle colonies and their main
source of income.
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Middle Colonies

• Pennsylvania, Delaware, New Jersey, and New York
• All produced agricultural products, especially
  grains
• They also produced iron products, glassware,
  pottery and furniture
• In the wilderness areas, fur trade was strong

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Name the Southern colonies and their main source
of income.
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Southern Colonies

• Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South
  Carolina, and Georgia
• All of these colonies were involved in
  large-scale agricultural activities
• Farms were referred to as plantations because of
  their massive size and their use of slave labor
• Crops raised included tobacco, cotton, and rice.

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What were indentured Servants?
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Indentured Servants

• Most came to the colonies from Europe to work
  on farms
• Their passage to the colonies was freepaid for
  by landowners who needed farm workers
• They agreed to work for their patrons for a
  period of seven years to pay for their passage
• At the end of the seven years, they were free.

34
What kind of values did the worker in New England
display?
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Work Values

• Reflected the Puritans strong belief in the
  values of hard work and thrift
• Sometimes this is referred to as the Puritan
  Work Ethic

36
What commercial centers and seaports began to
grow and develop in the Middle colonies?
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Seaports and Cities

• Baltimore
• Philadelphia
• New York

38
What were cash crops raised in the Southern
Colonies?
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Cash crops

• Cash crops were those that were in high demand on
  the European market
• These crops included tobacco, cotton, rice, and
  indigo

40
What was the society in New England based upon?
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New England society

• Religious standing within the community
• Was the individual one of the elect?
• Had the individual been chosen by God to be
  saved?
• Those within the Puritan community had little
  tolerance for those who disagreed with their
  religious beliefs and values

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Why were the Middle Colonies an area of religious
diversity?
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Middle Colonies

• The Middle Colonies were the home to a variety of
  religious persuasions.
• The Quakers settled in Pennsylvania.
• The Catholics settled in Maryland.
• Both groups were well-known for their religious
  toleration.
• Both colonies developed a more flexible social
  structure.

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Did religious ideas and values dominate the lives
of settlers in the Southern colonies?
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Southern colonies

• Social structure based on family status and
  ownership of land
• Large landowners dominated colonial government
  and society
• Most in the South belonged to the Church of
  England, though they were usually considered
  fringe members
• In the wilderness, people were characterized as
  being hard-working and of sturdy stock

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What was the Great Awakening?
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Great Awakening

• Was a religious revival movement in the 1730s and
  1740s
• Led by Jonathan Edwards and George Whitfield
• These men preached an emotional type of religion
  emphasizing sin and unworthiness
• fire and brimstone

48
What was the institution of slavery?
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Slavery

• A labor system used in many countries
• Employed the use of unpaid labor for performing
  job tasks usually in an agricultural setting
• Came about as a result of the use of plantation
  economies and labor shortages in the colonies

50
When and how did slavery get its start in America?
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Slavery in America

• Began with the introduction of slaves into the
  colonial population of the Virginia Colony
• Came to America in 1619
• a need for cheap labor on the plantations

52
What was the Middle Passage?
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Middle Passage

• Was the forcible introduction of slaves into the
  American labor force
• Because there was a need for cheap, inexpensive
  labor
• Pushed Southerners to develop a slave-based
  economy, which would eventually lead to conflict

54
What was the term mercantilism? How
did it affect life in the colonies?
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Mercantilism

• Refers to the idea that the colonies exist for
  the economic benefit of the Mother Country
• Colonies must maintain a favorable balance of
  trade which means they must export goods of
  greater value than they import