Center for Hybrid and Embedded Software Systems

1
Center for Hybrid andEmbedded Software Systems

• Christopher Brooks
• Executive Director, CHESSCenter for Hybrid and
  Embedded Software SystemsUC Berkeley
• Based on the February, 2007 overview by Jonathan
  Sprinkle
• On behalf of, and with input from, the CHESS
  Directors
• Tom HenzingerEdward A. LeeAlberto
  Sangiovanni-VincentelliS. Shankar SastryClaire
  J. Tomlin

2
2001 National Research Council ReportEmbedded
Everywhere

• Information technology (IT) is on the verge of
  another revolution. Driven by the increasing
  capabilities and ever declining costs of
  computing and communications devices, IT is being
  embedded into a growing range of physical devices
  linked together through networks and will become
  ever more pervasive as the component technologies
  become smaller, faster, and cheaper... These
  networked systems of embedded computers ... have
  the potential to change radically the way people
  interact with their environment by linking
  together a range of devices and sensors that will
  allow information to be collected, shared, and
  processed in unprecedented ways. ... The use of
  these embedded computers throughout society
  could well dwarf previous milestones in the
  information revolution.

3
Background on Chess

• Founded in 2002
• 5 year National Science Foundation Funding with
  Partners
• Vanderbilt (ISIS)
• University of Memphis
• Partners and Affiliates
• Agilent
• Bosch RTC
• DGIST
• General Motors
• Hewlett-Packard
• Infineon
• Microsoft
• National Instruments
• Toyota

4
Chess Leadership

• Board of Directors
• Tom Henzinger
• Edward A. Lee
• Alberto Sangiovanni-Vincentelli
• S. Shankar Sastry
• Claire J. Tomlin
• Executive Director
• Christopher Brooks
• Other key faculty at Berkeley
• Dave Auslander
• Ahmad Bahai
• Ruzena Bajcsy
• Raz Bodik
• Karl Hedrick
• Kurt Keutzer
• George Necula
• Koushik Sen

This carefully constructed team blends domain
experts (for example, in automotive systems,
avionics, signal and image processing, and
communications) with software technologists and
computer scientists.
5
Cyber-Physical Systems

• "A cyber-physical system (CPS) integrates
  computing and communication capabilities with
  monitoring and / or control of entities in the
  physical world dependably, safely, securely,
  efficiently and in real-time. - S. Shankar
  Sastry

6
Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) Activity

• NSF Workshop on CPS Oct. 16 17, 2006, Austin
• CPS as part of RTSS Dec. 3-6, 2007, Tucson
• Architecture and Composibility for Cyber-Physical
  Systems
• CPS Week April 21-24, 2008 St Louis
• Part of RTAS, IPSN and HSCC
• and other CPS workshops . . .

7
Mission of Chess

• To provide an environment for graduate research
  in cyber-physical systems by developing
• Model-based design
• Tool-supported methodologies
• For
• Real-time
• Fault-tolerant
• Robust
• Secure
• Heterogeneous
• DistributedSoftware

The fate of computers lacking interaction with
physical processes.
We are on the line to create a new systems
science that is at once computational and
physical.
8
Some Applications Addressed
Avionics UAVs
Automotive
Automotive
Systems Biology
Networked Embedded Systems
9
Project Approach

• Model-Based Design (the view from above)
• principled frameworks for design
• specification, modeling, and design
• manipulable (mathematical) models
• enabling analysis and verification
• enabling effective synthesis of implementations
• Platform-Based Design (the view from below)
• exposing key resource limitations
• hiding inessential implementation details
• Tools
• concrete realizations of design methods

10
Claire J. TomlinDecentralized Control of a
Quadrotor Aircraft Fleet to seek Information

• Students Gabe Hoffmann, Maryam Kamgarpour, Robin
  Raffard, and Steven Waslander
• Planning operations for teams of aircraft
• Collision Avoidance, Region Surveillance
• Stanford Testbed of AutonomousRotocraft for
  Multi-Agent Control(STARMAC)
• MURI with Vanderbilt, CMU,Stanford and Berkeley

11
Alberto Sangiovanni-VincentelliMetro II A
Next-Generation Framework for Platform-based
Design

• CHESS Students Abhijit Davare, Douglas Densmore,
  Trevor Meyerowitz, Alessandro Pinto, Guang Yang,
  Haibo Zeng, Qi Zhu
• The Metropolis framework 2004-2006
• platform-based design methodology
• used to design embedded systems
• advocates the separation of concerns
• architectural platform
• functionality.
• Transform the design through clearly defined
  abstraction/refinement steps that culminate in a
  mapping, researchers can explore the system more
  efficiently.
• Metro II Under development, extends Metropolis
• heterogeneous IP import,
• orthogonalization of performance from behavior
• design space exploration.

12
Tom HenzingerGames, Times, and
ProbabilitiesValue Iteration in Verification
and Control

• CHESS Students Krishnendu Chatterjee, Slobodan
  Matic
• Graph Models of Systems
• vertices states
• edges transitions
• paths behaviors
• Verification and control are very special
  (Boolean) cases of graph-based optimization
  problems.
• They can be generalized to solve questions that
  involve multiple players, quantitative resources,
  probabilistic transitions, and continuous state
  spaces.
• The theory and practice of this is still wide
  open

13
S. Shankar SastryControl of Hybrid Systems

• Embedded and autonomous software, computer
  vision, and computation in novel substrates such
  as DNA, nonlinear and adaptive control, robotic
  telesurgery, control of hybrid systems, embedded
  systems, sensor networks and biological motor
  control.
• A. Abate, S. Amin, M. Prandini, J. Lygeros, and
  S. S. Sastry, "Computational approaches to
  reachability analysis of stochastic hybrid
  systems," in Hybrid Systems Computation and
  Control. Proc. 10th Intl. Conf. (HSCC 2007), A.
  Bemporad, A. Bicchi, and G. Buttazzo, Eds.,
  Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 4416,
  Berlin, Germany Springer-Verlag, 2007, pp. 4-17.
  
• A. D. Ames and S. S. Sastry, "Hybrid geometric
  reduction of hybrid systems," in Proc. 2006 45th
  IEEE Conf. on Decision and Control, Piscataway,
  NJ IEEE Press, 2006, pp. 923-929.

14
Edward A. LeeModeling, simulation, and design of
concurrent, real-time, embedded systems.

• Students Dai Bui, Elaine Cheong, Thomas Huining
  Feng, Shanna-Shaye Forbes, Ben Lickly, Isaac Liu,
  Eleftherios Matsikoudis, Slobodan Matic, Hwa-yong
  Oh, Hiren Patel, Min Van Ly, Yang Zhao, Gang Zhou
  and Jia Zou
• Ptolemy II--Heterogeneous Concurrent Modeling and
  Design in Java
• Precision-timed (PRET) machines reintroduces
  timing
• Real-time software MoCs with timing and
  concurrency
• Distributed computing Programming Temporally
  Integrated Distributed Embedded Systems (PTIDES)
• Understandable concurrency The Problem with
  Threads
• Systems of systems large scale systems
  networking, grid . . .
• Abstract semantics Domain polymorphism,
  behavioral type sys.
• Hybrid systems Blended continuous and discrete
  dynamics . . .

15
CHESS Open Source Software

• SKETCH 0.9.5, a sketching system based on
  combinatorial search, as opposed to
  transformations. (4/23/07)
• Viptos 1.0.2, a block-diagram editor and
  simulator for TinyOS systems. (2/9/07)
• Ptolemy II 6.0.2, a block diagram editor and
  simulator for continuous-time, hybrid and data
  flow systems.
• VisualSense, a visual editor and simulator for
  wireless sensor network systems and
• HyVisual, a block-diagram editor and simulator
  for continuous-time and hybrid systems.
  (2/04/06)
• CIL, a front-end for the C programming language
  that facilitates program analysis and
  transformation. (2/5/07)
• Ptplot 5.6, a signal plotter. (1/15/07)
• Ellipsoidal Toolbox 1.1, a standalone set of
  easy-to-use configurable MATLAB routines to
  perform operations with ellipsoids and
  hyperplanes of arbitrary dimensions. (12/10/06)
• Generic Modeling Environment (GME 6.11.9), a
  configurable toolkit for creating domain-specific
  modeling and program synthesis environments.
  (12/1/06)
• Graph Rewriting And Transformation (GReAT 1.6.0),
  a component technology of GME comprised of a
  metamodel based graph transformation language
  useful for the specification and implementation
  of model-to-model transformations. (12/1/06)
• Universal Data Model (UDM 3.1.1) generates C
  API from UML class diagrams. The API can be used
  to read/write XML files, GME databases, etc. and
  is component technology for Graph Rewriting And
  Transformation (GReAT). (12/1/06)
• Metropolis 1.1.2 consists of an infrastructure, a
  tool set, and design methodologies for various
  application domains. The infrastructure provides
  a mechanism such that heterogeneous components of
  a system can be represented uniformly and tools
  for formal methods can be applied naturally.
  (10/12/06)
• COSI the COmmunication Synthesis Infrastructure
  The COSI project aims at providing an
  infrastructure to assist designer in the
  difficult task of interconnecting components.
  (3/15/06)
• Hierarchical Timing Language (HTL) Compiler and
  E-Machine HTL is a programming language for
  hard real-time systems. (2/10/06)
• Giotto, a methodology for embedded control
  systems development. (10/28/04)
• CHIC, a modular verifier for behavioral
  compatibility of software and hardware component
  interfaces. (01/14/03)

16
Center for Hybrid and Embedded Software Systems
(CHESS) Summary

• CHESS started in 2002 with NSF funding
• "A cyber-physical system (CPS) integrates
  computing and communication capabilities with
  monitoring and / or control of entities in the
  physical world dependably, safely, securely,
  efficiently and in real-time. S. Shankar
  Sastry
• CHESS is providing an environment for graduate
  research in cyber-physical systems by
  developing
• Model-based design
• Tool-supported methodologies
• For
• Real-time
• Fault-tolerant
• Robust
• Secure
• Heterogeneous
• DistributedSoftware

CHESS Board of Directors Edward A. Lee Alberto
Sangiovanni-Vincentelli S. Shankar Sastry Claire
J. Tomlin
Current Industrial Partners Agilent, Bosch,
DGIST, Hewlett Packard, National Instruments, and
Toyota.
For more information, see http//chess.eecs.berke
ley.edu