An Overview of the Development of the Personal Computer

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An Overview of the Development of the Personal
Computer

• PMHS Computer Literacy
• Spring 2002

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• Christopher Latham
• Sholes

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Augusta Dvorak
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Dvorak Keyboard
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• Frank McGurrin

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The Computer Began as a Calculator...

• Charles Babbage

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Still a counting machine

• 1889 Herman Hollerith invented a machine to
  count the US Census
• He founded Tabulating Machine Company, which
  became International Business Machines (IBM).
• Used punch cards

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WWII

• Massive machines for code breaking, designing
  planes
• Designed for their specific task
• HUGE Used Vacuum Tubes, lots of electricity
• Had a CPU

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• Grace Murray Hopper

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1948 -- Transistor

• Transistor better electric switch
• Smaller than Vacuum Tubes, less electricity
• Computers used assembly language, COBOL, FORTRAN

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• Dr. Julius Edgar
• Lilienfield

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• Jack Kilby

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• Robert Noyce

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• Marcian Ted Hoff

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Robert Kahn
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Andrew S. Grove
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1971 -- Intel 4004

• CPU, Memory, I/O controls on one microprocessor
• MULTIPURPOSE -- No more custom-designed chips for
  each kind of calculator or computer.

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• Paul Allen

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• Steve Jobs

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Late 70s, Early 80s

• The PC revolution EXPLODES!
• Apple II
• Radio Shack (Tandy)
• Commodore
• Atari
• No compatibility!!!

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Some Growth s

• 1981 -- 2 million PCs
• 1982 -- 5.5 million PCs
• 1992 -- 65 million PCs

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A Few Red-Letter Dates

• 2/82 Intel announces 6 MHz 80286 chip
• 5/82 MS releases MS-DOS
• 1/83 Apple IIE Lisa debut
• 5/83 IBM sells 8088 PCs
• SuperBowl 1984 Apples famous Mac commercial
• 4/84 Apple IIC (portable)

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...

• 11/20/84 First shipment of MS Windows It
  doesnt work well isnt a huge success
• 9/86 80386 PCs
• 10/87 MS Excel first major piece of software
  from MS
• 4/89 Intel announces 80486 processor (No Math
  Coprocessor yet)

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• Linus Torvalds

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• 7/91 Technology-sharing agreement between Apple
  IBM
• 5/92 First shipment of Windows 3.11
• 5/93 Announcement of Pentium Processor

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Patrick Naughton
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Your computer is not THAT old!

• 8/95 Windows 95 is released
• 6/96 Pentium reaches 200 MHz (Not MMX yet)
• 4/98 Intel announces Pentium II at 350 MHz 400
  MHz

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• Judge Thomas Jackson