Marine Navigation and Naval Operations I

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Rules of the Road 11-19
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Steering and Sailing RulesSection II Conduct
of vessels in sight of one another

• AGENDA
• Rule 11Application
• Rule 12Sailing Vessels
• Approach Situations
• Rule 13Overtaking
• Rule 14--Head-on
• Rule 15--Crossing Situations
• Rule 16Action by the Give-way Vessel
• Rule 17Action by the Stand-on Vessel
• Rule 19Responsibilities Between Vessels
• Section III - Restricted Visibility (Rule 19)

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Conduct of Vessels in Sight of One Another

• When one vessel can be observed visually by
  another.
• Showing up on radar is not in sight.

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Rule 12 Sailing Vessels

• Windward side opposite of the way the sail is
  carried
• Leeward the sheltered side

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Rule 13 Overtaking

• The overtaking vessel shall keep out of the way
  of the vessel being passed.
• An overtaking situation exists when a vessel
  approaches another vessel more than 22.5 deg
  abaft the beam.
• When a vessel is in doubt as to whether shes
  overtaking, shell assume she is, and act
  accordingly.

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The Vessel
Head-On
Crossing
Crossing
Beam
Beam
22.5
22.5
Overtaking
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Rule 14 Meeting (Head-on) Situation

• Rule 14 requires both power vessels to maneuver
  to starboard.
• 
  An overtaking situation exists when a vessel
  approaches
  
• A meeting situation exists if two power vessels
  approach on reciprocal or near reciprocal courses.

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Rule 15 Crossing Situation

• The vessel that has the other on its starboard
  side is to keep clear.
• Avoid crossing ahead of the other vessel.
• At night the stand-on vessel sees the green
  sidelight of the give-way vessel, and the
  give-way vessel sees the red sidelight of the
  stand-on vessel.

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Rule 16 Action by the Give-way Vessel

• Take early and substantial action to stay out of
  the way of the stand-on vessel

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Rule 17 Action by Stand-on Vessel

• Maintain course and speed
• Take action if the give-way is not taking
  substantial action to avoid collision
• If risk of collision exists and if circumstance
  admit it, avoid altering course to port.

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Rule 18 ResponsibilitiesBetween Vessels
Whos required to keep out of the way?

• Vessel not under command
• Restricted in ability to maneuver
• Vessel constrained by draft
• Vessel engaged in fishing
• Sailing vessels
• Power driven vessels
• Seaplanes

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Rule 19 Conduct of Vessels in Restricted
Visibility

• For vessels not in sight of one another
• Observe a safe speed and have engines ready for
  immediate maneuvering.
• Avoid altering course to port when another may
  exist forward of beam (except in overtaking
  situation)
• Avoid altering course towards a vessel abeam or
  abaft the beam.
• For fog signals heard forward of the beamgt
  reduce speed to minimum steerageway and navigate
  cautiously.

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QUESTIONS???
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Rules of the Road 20-30
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Lesson 24 Lights and Dayshapes

• AGENDA
• Rule 20/21 Application and Definitions
• Rule 22 Visibility of Lights
• Rule 23 Power Driven Vessels Underway
• Rule 24 Towing and Pushing
• Rule 25 Sailing Vessels
• Rule 26 Fishing Vessels
• Rule 27 Vessels not under command / restricted
  in ability
• Rule 28 Vessels constrained by draft
• Rule 29 Pilot vessels
• Rule 30 Vessels aground/at anchor

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Rule 20 Application of Lights and Dayshapes

• Lights shall be displayed
• From sunset to sunrise
• In conditions of restricted visibility
• In all other circumstances when deemed
  appropriate
• Purpose of Lights and Dayshapes
• Helps determine stand on/give way status.
• Indicates the occupation of certain vessels.
• Aids in the determination of target angle and
  course.

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Rule 21DefinitionsRule 22 Visibility of Lights

• Min Ranges
• TYPE OF LIGHT COLOR ARC 50M 12-50M
• Masthead white 225 6 nm 5 nm
• Sidelight red/green 112.5 3 nm 2 nm
• Sternlight white 135 3 nm 2 nm
• Towing yellow 135 3 nm 2 nm
• All around various 360 3 nm 2 nm
• Flashing yellow/blue 360 3 nm 2 nm
• Range Light - refers to the second masthead light
  placed aft and higher than the forward masthead
  light (gt50 m)
• Flashing Light - flashes at regular intervals at
  120 hz. Found on surfaced subs and
  non-displacement craft in the non-displacement
  mode.

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Rule 21DefinitionsRule 22 Visibility of Lights
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Rule 23 Power-DrivenVessels

• Power Driven vessels underway
• Vessel gt 50 m
• Vessel lt 50 m
• Vessel lt 12 m
• Vessel lt 7 m

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Rule 24 Towing and Pushing

• TOWING ASTERN Yellow light above sternlight
• Vessel lt 50 m Tow lt 200 m 2 vertical masthead
• Vessel lt 50 m Tow gt 200 m 3 vertical
  masthead/diamond shape
• Vessel gt 50 m Tow lt 200 m
• Vessel gt 50 m Tow gt 200 m
• COMPOSITE UNIT treat as a power-driven vessel
• PUSHING AHEAD/ALONGSIDE
• Vessel gt 50 m International, Inland
• Vessel lt 50 m International, Inland
• Examples pg 62-63

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Rule 25 Sailing Vessels

• lt 20 meters
• Red over green, sailing machine
• Dayshape upside down cone

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Rule 26 Fishing Vessels
Green over white, trawling at night
Red over white, fishing at night

• U/W side/stern lights
• Dayshape
• Note on pg 84

• gt 50 M masthead light
• U/W side/stern lights

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Rule 27 Vessels Not Under Command

• If making way, side/stern light
• Red over red, Captain is dead

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Rule 27 Vessels Restricted in their Ability to
Maneuver

• Dayshape ball-diamond-ball
• A for diving operations
• 3 green lights (not vertical) for mineclearance\

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Rule 28 Vessels Constrained by Draft (Inlt
Only)
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Rule 29 Pilot Vessel
White over red, pilot ahead
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Rule 30 Vessels Anchoredand Vessels Aground

• Anchor all around white light, deck lights
• Dayshape 1 black ball

• Aground all around white light, red over red
• Dayshape 3 black balls

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QUESTIONS?