SOLVENT CHEMISTRY OVERVIEW

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SOLVENT CHEMISTRY OVERVIEW

• SOLVENTS

Edward S. Piszynski Vice President, Laboratory
Services Bridgeview Aerosol, LLC.
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SOLVENT CHEMISTRY OVERVIEW

• What is a solvent?
• In its simplest definition, it is a substance,
  usually a liquid, that dissolves or can dissolve
  another substance. Most of the time, a solvent
  is an organic liquid, i.e. based on
  carbon-containing chemistry.

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SOLVENT CHEMISTRY OVERVIEW

• Types of solvents
• Non-polar/Polar
• Hydrocarbon
• Aliphatic naphtha, mineral spirits, heptane,
  hexane, propane, etc.
• Cycloparaffins cyclohexane, etc.
• Aromatic toluene, xylene, aromatic 100, etc.

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SOLVENT CHEMISTRY OVERVIEW

• Oxygenated
• Ketones acetone, MEK, MIBK, MBK, MPK, etc.
• Esters methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, DBE,
  etc.
• Ethers dimethyl ether, ethyl ether, etc.
• Glycol ethers EB, PM, PnP, DB, etc.
• Glycol ether acetates PM acetate, DB acetate,
  etc.
• Glycols ethylene glycol, propylene glycol,
  hexylene glycol
• Alcohols methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, etc.
• Others n-methyl pyrrolidone, AMP, THF

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SOLVENT CHEMISTRY OVERVIEW

• Chlorinated
• methylene chloride, trichloroethylene,
  perchloroethylene
• Natural solvents
• citrus terpenes, pine oil, soy methyl ester
• Other
• VMS, HFEs, HCFCs, HFCs, DMF, etc.
• Water
• The most common solvent

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SOLVENT CHEMISTRY OVERVIEW
SolvencyExamples
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SOLVENT CHEMISTRY OVERVIEW

• Reasons for use
• Creating a useable form of a material
• Dissolving substances
• Reducing viscosity
• Substance removal
• Surface wetting
• Coupling activity
• Lubricity
• Controlled Evaporation Rate
• High Dielectric Strength
• Low Pour/Freeze Points

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SOLVENT CHEMISTRY OVERVIEW

• Solvency
• Controlled Evaporation Rate
• Low Surface Tension/Wetting
• Lubricity/Emolliency
• Non-Corrosive/Non-Staining
• High Dielectric Strength
• Low Pour/Freeze Points

Insecticides, Fragrances, Degreasers Polishes,
Waxes, Fabric Protectants Insecticides,
Penetrants, Cleaners Lubricants, Personal Care
Products Products for Metal, Wood, and Certain
Fabrics Wasp and Hornet Sprays Outdoor Products
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SOLVENT CHEMISTRY OVERVIEW

• Non-aqueous/aqueous system considerations
• Compatibility
• Materials
• Substrates
• Type of product
• Applications
• Materials
• Substrates
• Performance
• Dry time or evaporation requirements
• Packaging form

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SOLVENT CHEMISTRY OVERVIEW

• VOC/LVP-VOC/Exempt-VOC considerations
• Compatibility
• Materials
• Substrates
• Type of product
• Applications
• Materials
• Substrates
• Performance
• Dry time or evaporation requirements
• Packaging form

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SOLVENT CHEMISTRY OVERVIEW

• Mass-based/reactivity-based regulatory
  considerations
• EPA has suggested that relative
  reactivity-based regulations may help provide the
  flexibility necessary to achieve further
  emissions reductions from some source categories
  to address persistent ozone non-attainment
  problems..
• January 7, 2005 40 CFR. "Revisions to the
  California State Implementation Plan and Revision
  to the Definition of Volatile Organic Compounds
  (VOC) - Removal of VOC Exemptions for
  California's Aerosol Coating Products
  Reactivity-based Regulation Proposed Rule"

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SOLVENT CHEMISTRY OVERVIEW

• Mass-based/reactivity-based regulatory
  considerations
• Compatibility
• Materials
• Substrates
• Type of product
• Applications
• Materials Substrates
• Solvent content Solvent function
• Substitution feasibility Performance
• Dry time or evaporation requirements
• Packaging form