Naming Ionic Compounds

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Naming Ionic Compounds Need to know how to
speak the language of chemistry for this course,
your career, Eng, Bio, Med, Science Have to
know alphabet ? elements words ? chemical
compounds If you get to be like Shakespeare in
chemistry ? Nobel prize Organic
compounds contain C, H, O S, N Inorganic
all others
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Naming Ionic Compounds 1) Cations a) Na sodium
ion same name as metal b) Cu copper(I) ion,
Cu2 copper(II) ion use roman numbers for
different possible changes (transition
metals) c) nonmetals use - ium NH4 ammonium
ion 2) Anions a) 1 atom - ide ending H?
hydride ion O2? oxide ion also some
simple polyatomics OH Hydroxide
ion CN? cyanide ion O2?2 peroxide ion
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b) polyatomics containing oxygen oxyanions ?
ate NO3? nitrate ? ite NO2? nitrite ite for 1
less oxgen SO42? sulfate SO32? sulfite ite
1 less oxygen c) When there are 4 numbers,
use perate, ?ate, ite, hypoite ClO4? perc
hlorate ClO3? chlorate ClO2? chlorite ClO
? hypochlorite d) When there is a hydrogen,
use hydrogen or bi, or diydrogen for
2H CO32? carbonate anion HCO32? bicarbonate
anion H2PO4? dihydrogen phosphate anion
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3) Ionic compounds Use metal atom 1st i.e.,
cation, then anion Use numerals as
needed CuCl2 copper (II) chloride CuO copper
(II) oxide 4) Acids - yield H when in
H2O chloride Cl? H ? HCl hydrochloric
acid chlorate ClO3? H ? HClO3 chloric
acid chlorite ClO2? H ? HClO2 chlorous
acid hyper, hypo are kept perchloric acid
HClO4 hypochlorous acid HClO Know simple
acids HCl, HBr H2SO4, HNO3
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Common Monoatomic Ions
1
-1
2
-2
3
-3
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Metals With Several Oxidation States
Element
Ion Formula
Systematic Name
Common Name
Well use systematic name in class!
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Some Mono-Atomic Ions
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Table 4.2 Selected Acids and Bases