Archaic Period

1
Archaic Period

• Architecture, Sculpture, and Vase-Painting

2
The Chronology

• Archaic Period 700 - 480 BCE
• Orientalizing Phase 700 - 600 BCE
• 499 BCE Burning of Sardis
• 490 BCE MARATHON
• 480 BCE Battle of Salamis (Themistokles)
• 479 BCE Plataia

3
Architecture

• Doric
• Temple of Apollo, Corinth (560 BCE)
• Temple of Hera, Olympia (590 BCE)
• Temple of Aphaia, Aegina (500 BCE)
• Temple of Artemis, Corcyra (580 BCE)
• Ionia
• Temple of Apollo, Didyma (550 BCE)
• Temple of Hera, Samos (530 BCE)
• South Italy/Sicily
• Temple G, Selinus (560 BCE)
• Temple of Zeus, Akragas (480 BCE)
• Hera I (Basilica) Poseidonia (550 BCE)
• Hera II, Poseidonia (500 BCE)

4
Corinth
5
Temple of Apollo, Corinth

• Peripteral
• Hexastyle
• Distyle in antis
• Anta
• Cella, naos
• Pronaos
• Opisthodomos
• Pteron
• Colonnade
• Stylobate

6
Remains of T. of Apollo

• Limestone
• Stucco
• Painted
• Cuttings into Bedrock
• Monolithic
• Entasis

7
Olympia

• Olympic Games from 776 BCE
• Archaic Buildings Treasuries, Pelopeion,
  Fountains, Temple of Hera

8
Temple of Hera, Olympia

• 590 BCE
• Early columns in wood, replaced over time
• Butresses in cella

9
Temple of Aphaia, Aegina

• Island grew to prosperity in Orientalizing period
• Aphaia - local nymph
• Ties to Athens
• Temple is the height of Doric architecture - 500
  BCE

10
Temple plan - Aphaia

• 6 X 12 Columns
• Ramp
• Interior Colonnade
• All Doric Refinements
• entasis
• corner contraction
• curvature

11
Temple of Aphaia, Aegina
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Ionic Style

• Dipteral colonnade
• More elaborate interior
• Ionic columns
• volute capital
• base
• more carved detail
• flat flutes

13
Temple of Hera, Samos

• Rhoikos and Theodoros
• 575 - 560 BCE
• 50 X 100 m
• Dipteral plan
• Double interior colonnade

14
Poseidonia Basilica

• 550 BCE
• Experimentation with Doric
• Nonastyle?

15
Basilica Columns
16
Hera II, Poseidonia
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Treasury Buildings at Sanctuaries

• Stores votives to the divinities
• Each city-state at major Pan-hellenic sanctuaries
• Olympia Whole row on way to stadium
• Delphi Treasury of the Siphnians, Treasury of
  the Athenians
• Small Ionic or Doric Buildings

18
Delphi
19
Treasury of the Athenians

• Post-Marathon
• 490/480 BCE
• Deeds of Theseus and Herakles
• Doric, Distyle in antis

20
Metopes

• Erymanthian Boar
• Keryneian Hind

21
Siphnian Treasury

• Fixed date - 510 BCE
• Jewel box of Ionic Style
• Caryatids
• Fine Island Marble

22
Siphnian Friezes

• North Gigantomachy
• South Rape of Leucippidae
• West Judgement of Paris
• East Battle of Ajax and Memnon (Gods in
  Assembly)