S6 Stripped Matrix

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S6 Stripped Matrix
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S6 Stripped Matrix
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S6 Stripped Matrix Note root fragment inside
stripped zone
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A horizon
B horizon
C horizon
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Redox Concentration (Pore lining)
1. Plant root grows into soil
5. Reduced Fe moves away from decomposing
root Reduced Fe oxidizes, soil turns red
2. Root dies and starts to decompose
3. Water table rises
4. Bacteria continue to decompose root Oxygen
reduced Nitrate reduced Fe reduced and removed,
soil turns gray
6. Water drains from root channel
7. Root completely decomposed
8. Water table drops
Redox depletion
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Redox concentrations
WT 4
4 chroma depletion
WT 3
3 chroma depletion
WT 2
WT 1
lt 2 chroma depletion
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4. Roots die and decompose
1. Roots in soil
2. Water table rises
5. Depletions and concentrations form
3. Oxidized rhizospheres form
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Redox Transformations
Coating of Fe2O3
Remove Fe
Fe2
Gray Soil
Brown Soil Fe3
2e- 6H Fe2O3 ? 2Fe(II) 3H2O
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Auger hole in soil is filled with air just after
digging
Air
Water table
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Auger hole in soil is filled with air just after
digging
Air 14 psi
Water table
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Water below water table has pressure greater that
air pressure
Air
Water table
Water pushes air out of hole
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Eventually hole fills with water to the level of
the water table where water pressureair pressure
Unsaturated soil (water pressure lt air pressure)
Air
Saturated soil (water pressure gtair pressure)
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Piezometers
Well
Sand
Perched Water Table
Clay
Sand
Shallow piezometer contains water, but lower
piezometer does not. Perched water table
detected.
Water drains down well, Saturation undetected
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Cap with vent hole
Solid PVC (2 minimum)
Landscape Fabric - optional
Well
Piezometer
Slotted or Drilled PVC
Cap with vent hole at bottom
Open at bottom covered with fabric
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AQUIFERSCONFINED UNCONFINED
Unconfined Aquifer- in soil
SATURATED ZONE
Confining aquitard (clay)
Confined aquifer- sand
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Stratified Soil with Confined Aquifer
Where do you place your piezometers?
A-horizon (Loam)
SUGGESTION Place wells In surface aquifers down
to confining layer. Place piezometers in
confined aquifers.
E-horizon (Loam)
Bt-horizon (CLAY)
C- Fluvial (fine sand)
C-Marine (CLAY)
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Ideal Piezometers In permeable layers
Avoid Piez. Will not fill in clays
Well
A-horizon (Loam)
E-horizon (Loam)
Bt-horizon (CLAY)
slots
C- Fluvial (fine sand)
C-Marine (CLAY)
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Water table
Well
A-horizon (Loam)
E-horizon (Loam)
Bt-horizon (CLAY)
C- Fluvial (fine sand)
C-Marine (CLAY)
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Perched water table
Well
A-horizon (Loam)
E-horizon (Loam)
Bt-horizon (CLAY)
C- Fluvial (fine sand)
C-Marine (CLAY)
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Piezometers
Well
Sand
Perched Water Table
Clay
Sand
Shallow piezometer contains water, but lower
piezometer does not. Perched water table
detected.
Water drains down well, Saturation undetected
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