TWO THEORIES OF EARTHS CREATION

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TWO THEORIES OF EARTHS CREATION

• CATASTROPHISM
• BIBLICAL
• EARTH IS 4000 YEARS OLD
• GEOLOGICAL FEATURES WE SEE TODAY CREATED IN ONE
  LARGE CATASTROPHY
• UNIFORMATANARIANISM
• SCIENTIFIC
• EARTH IS 4.5 BILLION YEARS OLD
• CHANGE OCCURS SLOWLY

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I. WHAT IS EARTH SCIENCE?

• THE STUDY OF THE EARTH THE UNIVERSE AROUND IT.
• 1. BRANCHES OF EARTH SCIENCE
• A. GEOLOGY- THE STUDY OF THE ORIGIN, HISTORY,
  STRUCTURE OF THE SOLID EARTH THE PROCESS THAT
  SHAPE IT.
• B. OCEANOGRAPHY- THE STUDY OF THE EARTHS OCEANS
• C. METEOROLOGY- THE STYUDY OF THE EARTHS
  ATMOSPHERE
• D. ASTRONOMY- THE STUDY OF THE UNIVERSE BEYOND
  THE EARTH

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THE IMPORTANCE OF EARTH SCIENCE

• A. ECOLOGY
• 1. GEOSPHERE- THE SOLID EARTH
• CONTINENTIAL OCEANIC CRUST
• 2. HYDROSPHERE- THE EARTHS WATER
• LAKES, STREAMS, RIVERS OCEANS
• 3. ATMOSPHERE- THE GASES SURROUNDING EARTH
• NITROGEN, OXYGEN, ARGON
• 4. ECOSYSTEM- A COMMUNITY OF ORGANISMS THE
  ENVIRONMENT THAT THEY INHABIT
• 5. BIOSPHERE- ALL THE LIFE ON EARTH THE
  ENVIRONMENT THEY INHABIT.

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B. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION

• 1. POLLUTION
• CONTAMINATION OF THE ENVIRONMENT WITH WASTE
  PRODUCTS OR IMPURITIES
• WATER AIR POLLUTION ARE THE MOST COMMON
• THE LAND CAN ALSO BE POLLUTED IN NUMEROUS WAYS
• CHEMICALS, GARBAGE
• 2. BIODEGRADABLE
• WASTE PRODUCTS THAT CAN BE BROKEN DOWN BY
  MICRO-ORGANISMS INTO HARMLESS SUBSTANCES

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C. PROTECTING THE ENVIRONMENT

• 1. OZONE (O3)
• A FORM OF OXYGEN THAT ENCOMPASSES THE EARTH
  PROTECTS US FROM ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION FROM THE
  SUN
• THERE IS CURRENTLY A HOLE IN THE OZONE IN
  ANTARCTICA
• 2. CFCS
• CHLOROFLOUROCARBONS- USED AS PROPELLENTS IN THE
  PAST IN THINGS LIKE HAIRSPRAY, AND IN AUTOMOBILE
  AIR CONDITIONERS
• KNOWN TO DEPLETE OZONENO LONGER IN USE

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2. PATHS TO DISCOVERY THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD

• A. SCIENTIFIC METHOD
• AN ORGANIZED, LOGICAL APPROACH TO SCIENTIFIC
  RESEARCH
• 1. STATE THE PROBLEM- QUESTIONS ARRIVED AT FROM
  OBSERVATIONS
• A. OBSERVATIONS- USING YOUR SENSES TO GATHER
  INFROMATION ABOUT THE WORLD
• 2. GATHER INFORMATION- THE METHOD TO INVESTIGATE
  A PROBLEM
• A. MEASUREMENTS- THE COMPARISON OF SOME ASPECT OF
  THE OBJECT TO THAT OF A STANDARD UNIT
• 3. FORM A HYPOTHESIS
• A POSSIBLE EXPLINATION OR SOLUTION TO THE PROBLEM
  
• BASED ON FACTS GAINED THROUGH OBSERVATION

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• 4. TEST HYPOTHESIS- GAIN EVIDENCE TO SUPPORT
  HYPOTHESIS
• A. EXPERIMENTATION- TESTING THE HYPOTHESIS
• B. VARIABLE- A FACTOR IN AN EXPERIMENT THAT CAN
  BE CHANGED
• C. CONTROLLED EXPERIMENT- EXPERIMENTS SET UP TO
  TEST THE VARIABLE
• 5. STATE THE CONCLUSION- ACCEPTING OR REJECTING
  THE HYPOTHESIS
• 6. SHARE YOUR RESULTS- SHARE THE INFORMATION YOU
  HAVE ACQUIRED WITH OTHERS SO THAT THEY MAY
  RE-TEST AND CHECK YOUR WORK.

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3. BIRTH OF A THEORY THE BIG BANG

• 1. THEORY
• A HYPOTHESIS THAT IS SUPPORTED BY RESULTS OF
  EXPERIMENTATION OBSERVATIONS
• 2. LAW
• A WELL ESTABLISHED THEORY
• A. LIGHT THE DOPPLER EFFECT
• 1. SPECTRUM- SUNLIGHT THROUGH A GLASS PRISM
• ROY G BIV
• 2. WAVELENGTH- THE DISTANCE BETWEEN A CREST A
  CREST OR A TROUGH A TROUGH
• 3. ELEMENTS- SUBSTANCES THAT CANNOT BE BROKEN
  DOWN IN TO SIMPLER FORMS
• 4. DOPPLER EFFECT- APPARENT SHIFT IN WAVELENGTHS
  OF ENERGY EMITTED BY AN ENERGY SOURCE
• CHANGE CREATED WHEN THE SOURCE MOVE TO OR AWAY
  FROM FROM THE OBSERVER.

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B. EVIDENCE RED SHIFT

• 1. SPECTROSCOPE
• AN INSTRUMENT THAT MEASURES THE TYPES OF ELEMENTS
  A STAR IS EMITTING
• BY ANALYZING THE ELEMENTS WE CAN LEARN A GREAT
  DEAL ABOUT THE HISTORY FUTURE OF THE STAR

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C. A THEORY EMERGES

• 1. BACKGROUND RADIATION
• LOW LEVELS OF RADIATION FOUND TO HAVE SPREAD
  EVENLY THROUGHOUT THE UNIVERSE FORM THE BIG BANG.
• CAN BE DETECTED FROM ALL POINTS IN THE KNOWN
  UNIVERSE
• 2. THE BIG BANG THEORY
• THEORY OF THE START OF THE UNIVERSE SUPPORTED BY
  EVIDENCE.