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Exercise and Physical Fitness

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... (weightlifting) One chemical reaction in this type of training converts Glucose, (a simple sugar found in the blood), into lactic acid, (causes soreness) ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Exercise and Physical Fitness


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Exercise and Physical Fitness
  • Chapter 15, Section 2

3
Objectives
  • Define anaerobic exercise, and describe its main
    effects on the body
  • Explain how anaerobic exercise can produce muscle
    fatigue and an oxygen debt
  • Define aerobic exercise and its main effects on
    the body
  • Name two ways that exercise can change body
    composition
  • Describe an exercise plan that can lead to
    physical fitness

4
Key Terms
  • Physical fitness
  • Anaerobic exercise
  • Muscle fatigue
  • Oxygen debt
  • Aerobic exercise
  • Endurance
  • Flexibility

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Physical Fitness
  • Having a heart, lungs, and skeletal muscles that
    are strong and work efficiently
  • Maintaining an appropriate weight for your height
    and build
  • Having a body that is flexible and able to endure
    prolonged physical activity

6
A Regular Exercise Program
  • Exercise involves any physical activity that
    requires your body to do work and uses energy
  • The energy is obtained from the foods you eat
  • Oxygen reacting with carbohydrates, fats, and
    proteins in your body to release this energy
  • There are two basic types of exercise
  • Aerobic and anaerobic

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Anaerobic Exercise
  • The body requires energy at different rates
  • Short or quick bursts of energy cannot wait for
    the oxygen to burn the nutrients that provide the
    energy
  • There are reactions that release energy but do
    not require large amounts of oxygen
  • These reactions are inefficient and create more
    waste products than oxygen rich reactions

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Anaerobic Exercise
  • Only about 2 of the energy in food can be
    converted in this way
  • The reactions can only last for about 30 - 60
    seconds.
  • These exercises increase the size and strength of
    skeletal muscles
  • This type of exercise causes muscle cells to
    become thicker and stronger

10
Anaerobic Exercise
  • Training your muscles involves working the
    muscles against a load, (weightlifting)
  • One chemical reaction in this type of training
    converts Glucose, (a simple sugar found in the
    blood), into lactic acid, (causes soreness)
  • Lactic Acid causes pain and muscle fatigue, ( a
    warning to stop before injury results)
  • Lactic Acid removal requires oxygen, the amount
    of oxygen needed is your oxygen debt

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Aerobic Exercise
  • A slower, steadier form of exercise
  • It is more efficient than anaerobic exercise, 50
    versus 2 of food energy is used
  • This is due to the food molecules being broken
    down in the presence of oxygen
  • This type of exercise strengthens the heart,
    (cardiac muscles), and increases your endurance

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Aerobic Exercise
  • The benefits
  • Strengthens and increases the size of the heart
  • A larger and stronger heart increases blood flow
  • The heart has to beat less, (50 versus 70 bpm)
  • Reduces the risk of heart disease and stroke

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New Exercise Programs
  • Begin slowly, adding variety a little at a time
  • Using Exercise
  • To obtain flexibility there are many stretching
    exercises that can help ligaments, tendons and
    muscles become more flexible
  • To reduce body fat converting body fat,
    (energy), to muscle requires anaerobic exercise
  • To develop endurance alternate training styles
    from day to day

15
Summary
  • Anaerobic exercise is powered by chemical
    reactions that do not require oxygen, It
    increases the size and strength of skeletal
    muscles
  • Aerobic exercise is powered by chemical reactions
    that require oxygen, It makes the heart stronger,
    improves oxygen uptake, and increases endurance
  • Physical fitness increases the bodys flexibility
    and muscle mass while decreasing the amount of fat

16
Definitions
  • Physical fitness is the ability to carry out
    moderate physical tasks without becoming tired
  • Anaerobic exercise is an exercise that is powered
    by energy releasing reactions that do not require
    oxygen
  • Muscle fatigue is the loss of muscle strength
    due to prolonged exercise

17
Definitions
  • Oxygen debt is the extra amount of oxygen needed
    to return muscles to their normal condition after
    anaerobic exercise
  • Aerobic exercise is an exercise that is powered
    by energy releasing reactions that require oxygen
  • Endurance is the ability to continue exercising
    before becoming completely exhausted
  • Flexibility is the ability of the body to move at
    its joints
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