Developmental Psychology

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Developmental Psychology

• Toddlerhood
• Psychosocial Crisis Autonomy vs. Shame and
  Doubt

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Whats going on at 2 and 3?

• Developmental Tasks
• Elaboration of locomotion
• Language development
• Fantasy play
• Self control

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Parenting Styles Characteristics-What are some
thoughts/beliefs you have about effective
parenting?

• Baumrinds formulation of parenting
  styles-Demandingness Responsiveness
• Authoritative
• Authoritarian
• Permissive, democratic-indulgent
• Permissive, rejecting-neglecting

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2. PARTheory Parental Acceptance-Rejection
Theory-Roehner

• An intercultural approach-400 studies in 60
  nations
• Acceptance and rejection are defined in
  culture-specific ways.
• Perceived rejection is emphasized
• Four behavioral patterns
• Warmth/affection
• Rejection
• Cold/unaffectionate
• Hostility/aggression
• Indifference/neglect
• Undifferentiated rejection

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• Acceptance is linked with
• Higher self-esteem
• Psychological independence
• Trust
• Positive world view

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• Rejection is associated with
• Hostility and aggression
• Dependence or defensive independence
• Emotional unresponsiveness
• Impaired self-esteem
• Impaired self-adequacy
• Emotional instability
• Negative worldview

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Self control

• Self control refers to the childs ability to
  control her impulses and attain his goals.
• Emotion regulation helps facilitate these
  abilities.
• Infants began to develop emotion regulation
  skills through caregiving interactions.
• Comforting physical contact
• Soothing sounds
• Elimination of stimulus causing discomfort

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Facilitating toddler self control

• Teaching empathy/Increasing sensitivity to others
• Perspective taking
• Role modeling
• Discipline should be
• Clearly linked to unwanted behavior
• Short duration
• Rational
• Consistent
• Use of language
• Talk about the emotions
• Modify them through distraction or explanation
• Give suggestions on how to manage them
• Model ways of responding to emotions
• Reinforce prosocial behavior

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Emotion-coachingJohn Gottman on Speakers Forum

• http//www.kuow.org/program.php?id15530
• Emotion coaching
• What is it?
• Benefits in adult relationships?
• Benefits for child development?
• Questions provoked?
• Criticisms provoked?

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Designing a high quality child care center

• Physical space-inside and outside
• Daily schedule
• Sample toys
• Policies to support families
• Incorporate inclusivity and cultural relevancy
  into your plan.

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Problem solving

• Read the Lilly scenario
• Do a go-round with each person contributing an
  observation of the scenario
• Discuss adult responses that would promote
  emotion regulation
• Link adult responses to strategies from lecture
• Plan an activity you could have parents do to
  develop skills to promote emotion regulation

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The role and impact of childcare

• Some information about childcare
• 70 of kids in the U.S. 0-5 are in care outside
  the home.
• There are national accreditation standards for
  childcare settings that address curriculum,
  relationships with family, physical space, etc.
• In WA, there are 2,107 childcare centers 143 are
  accredited 6.3 of centers and .32 of homes
• Annual cost for infant 12,000/8,424.00
• Annual cost for a 4 year old 8,804/7,140
• Annual income of f/t childcare provider 19,710

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Pressing questions

• What makes child care high quality?
• Consistency and training of caregivers
• Clean, safe environment
• Small ratio
• What needs can be met through high quality child
  care?
• Cognitive development, especially if not
  supported at home.
• Social competence, self-esteem, empathy.
• Long term benefits hs completion, reduced
  criminal activity, college entrance/completion
• Accreditation standards http//www.naeyc.org/aca
  demy/standards/