Vietnam Electricity Sector - an Introduction -

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Vietnam Electricity Sector- an Introduction -
Mekong Energy and Ecology Network The First
Mekong Energy and Ecology Training
Thailand, May 2009
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Contents

1. Status of Electricity Sector
2. Fuel Sources for Electricity Generation
3. Status of Renewable Energy
4. Procedure for Making PDP
5. Power Sector Issues

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Energy sector in Vietnam
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GDP and Electricity Production and Demand

• GDP had increased at 7.75, while electricity
  production and consumption at 14.25 and 14.67
  annually

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Capacity Mix

• Total installed capacity is more than 13,000 MW
  with hydropower, coal, gas, oil and import
• IPP generating capacity includes coal, gas, hydro
  and renewable power

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Generation Mix
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Installed Capacity and Peak Demand

• Peak demand had increased at 12.7 annually while
  capacity at 11.8
• In 2007, peak demand was 11,286 MW

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Electricity Consumption

• Total electricity consumption in 2007 was 58,414
  GWh
• Industrial and residential shares accounts for
  90 of total consumption

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Fuel Consumption for Electricity Generation

• Coal and gas are currently main fuels for power
  generation
• Coal is main fuel in future including domestic
  and imported coal types

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Options for Fuel Sources

• Hydropower Potential mainly concentrated to the
  northern and southern regions
• Coal-fired power plants The coal-fired power
  plants are currently mainly concentrated to the
  northern region where the coal reserves are
  located. Coal may however be transported from the
  north or imported from outside (e.g. from
  Australia) that will facilitate coal-fired power
  plants also in the central and the south.
• Gas-fired power plants and combined cycle gas
  turbines (CCGT) The gas-fired power plants are
  mainly concentrated to the southern region where
  the offshore gas reserves are located. Gas
  reserves are however limited and other types of
  energy sources will be required to cover the
  future demand in the southern region.
• Nuclear power Uranium for nuclear power plants
  will need to be imported due to limited domestic
  resources.
• Import of hydropower Import will be to the
  northern (mainly from China) and central (mainly
  from Laos) and southern parts (mainly from
  Cambodia).
• Renewable energy, including small hydropower
  Renewable energy (500 MW) and small hydro (1,400
  MW) are mainly being used for rural
  electrification in remote areas that for economic
  reasons may not be connected to the national
  grid.
• Pumped storage hydropower Pumped storage plants
  (4,200 MW) will used to produce peak power using
  surplus base load energy during the pumping mode.
• Diesel and oil-fired plant (-485 MW) will be
  taken out of service as they are the most
  expensive power plants to operate.
• Energy efficiency and conservation

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Resource Distribution
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Electricity Demand Forecast

• Electricity consumption is projected to increase
  at 14 during 2010-2020 and 7 during 2020-2030
• Industrial and residential sectors are two main
  consumers

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Power Development Plant

• Coal will be the main source for power generation
  including domestic and import coal types
• Nuclear power is expected to come in 2020

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Procedure for Making Power Development Plan
Prime Minister decision on approval of PDP
Government
Submitting PDP to Government for approval
Assigning a consultant to make PDP
Ministry of Industry
National Appraisal Commission for PDP (headed by
Ministry of Industry including other related
ministries and institutions)
Submitting PDP to Ministry of Industry for
appraisal
Consultant (i.e. Institute of Energy for the
series of PDP 1 to 6)
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Renewable Share in Total Primary Energy Supply
(2005)
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Renewable Share in Power Generation (2005)
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Current Issues in Power Sector

• Growing power demand
• Energy efficiency
• Environmental impact
• Power supply capability
• Power sector reform
• Tariff setting

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Thank you!