What did Robert Hooke contribute to science?

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POP Quiz

1. What did Robert Hooke contribute to science?
2. Who refined microscope lenses to increase the
   ability of the microscope?
3. Who believed that organisms were made of cells?
4. List the three parts of the cell theory

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Answers

• Came up with the word cells.
• Anton van Leeuwenhoek
• Schleiden and Schwann
• All organisms are composed of one or more cells
  the cell is the basic unit of organization all
  cells come from other living cells.

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Microscopes as windows into the cells

• Chapter 7.1

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Objectives

• TLW compare the operation of a compound light
  microscope with that of an electron microscope
• TLW learn the name and function of the various
  parts of a compound microscope.

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Vocabulary Focus

• Compound Microscope
• Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)
• Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)

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Section 7.1 Summary pages 171-174
The Development of Light Microscopes
Compound light microscopes use a series of lenses
to magnify objects in steps.
These microscopes can magnify objects up to 1
500 times.
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Development of Electron Microscopes

• The electron microscope was invented in the 1940s.

• This microscope uses a beam of electrons to
  magnify structures up to 500 000 times their
  actual size.

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Development of Electron Microscopes
There are two basic types of electron microscopes.
The scanning electron microscope (SEM) scans the
surface of cells to learn their three dimensional
shape.
The transmission electron microscope (TEM) allows
scientists to study the structures contained
within a cell.
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SEM Pictures
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TEM

• The transmission electron microscope (TEM) is
  capable of magnifications of 100,000 times.
• Unlike the scanning electron microscope, which
  uses reflected electrons, the TEM uses electrons
  passing through a very thin slice of the
  specimen.
• TEMs are especially useful in studying the
  structure of cells, and in crystallography.

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Show me what you know

• Identify the type of microscope you would use to
  view each of the following
• A group of cells in a thin layer of onion
• The details of the surface of a human hair.
• The organelles inside a cell.

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Two Types of Cells

• Chpt 7.1

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Objectives

• Distinguish between prokaryotic and eukaryotic
  cells

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Vocabulary Focus

• Prokaryote
• Eukaryote
• Organelle

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Two Types of Cells
Prokaryotic Cells Cells that do not
contain internal membrane- bound
structures. Example bacteria
Eukaryotic Cells Cells that contain
membrane-bound structures (organelles).
Example Plants and animals
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Two Types of Cells
The membrane-bound structures within
eukaryotic cells are called organelles.
Each organelle has a specific function that
contributes to cell survival.
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Prokaryotic Cell
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Eukaryotic Cell