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The Revelation to John (Apocalypse)

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It s possible that Revelation was composed in pieces and compiled later. ... but Revelation is the only NT book totally dedicated to this form. – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: The Revelation to John (Apocalypse)


1
The Revelation to John(Apocalypse)
2
Authorship
  • Traditionally linked to John, the son of Zebadee,
    one of Jesus 12 disciples.
  • Writing style is different from Gospel of John.
  • John was a very common name.
  • 2114 makes this seem unlikely
  • Belongs in the Johannine corpus that includes the
    Gospel of John, The three Letters of John, and
    Revelation.
  • Probably produced from the same group of people,
    but probably not the same author.
  • The author is very familiar with the new churches
    and with the Hebrew scriptures.

3
Time of composition
  • There is internal evidence for two dates
  • Before 70 CE (destruction of temple)
  • 111-3 suggests the temple is still standing
  • 1318 code name for the beast 666 was widely
    thought to symbolize Nero.
  • After 70 CE
  • 133, 179-11 These verses seem to allude to the
    legend of Neros return
  • 148, 1619, etc. Use Babylon as a code name for
    Rome, which other evidence suggests didnt happen
    until after the temple destruction.
  • Its possible that Revelation was composed in
    pieces and compiled later.

4
Neros persecution of Christians (CE 64-68)
5
Genre
  • The Genre of apocalypse gets its name from the
    first verse of revelation, but it includes Daniel
    and parts of Ezekiel and some apocryphal
    literature as well.
  • Its usually a first-person narrative account
    relating a vision about the future /or the
    heavenly realm.
  • There is a sharp distinction between the present
    evil age and the imminent future age of blessing.
  • Between the wicked majority and the righteous
    minority
  • Between Satan and God
  • After a period of intense conflict and great
    suffering, a divine (messianic) figure will
    intervene on behalf of the righteous.
  • Jewish apocalypses often use much symbolism which
    is often somewhat bizarre.

6
Apocalyptic Hope
  • Many New Testament books contain strongly
    apocalyptic passages, but Revelation is the only
    NT book totally dedicated to this form.
  • The present wicked age will get worse, then God
    will intervene and rule directly.
  • There will be a new heaven and new earth (211)
  • The vision is for a glorious completion of Gods
    creative work that began in Genesis.
  • Jesus is no longer Marks suffering servant or
    Johns embodiment of divine wisdom.
  • Jesus has been glorified and is now the
    conquering warrior-king. The messiah of popular
    expectation, who proves, without a doubt, his
    right to rule the earth. He doesnt teach or
    forgive, but inflicts wrathful punishment on his
    opponents (1911-21)

7
Apocalyptic Tradition
  • The style and symbols in Revelation are not new.
    They are mostly derived from Daniel and other
    Hebrew writings.
  • Its symbols are deliberately mystifying, but
    come from already conventional apocalyptic
    discourse.
  • Dragon
  • Beast
  • Serpent
  • Celestial Woman

8
Purpose
  • The outside world is a hostile threat. Maintain
    strict separation from Greco-Roman society
  • Christians are a tiny light almost swallowed up
    by the dark word dominated by idolatry,
    oppression, and the soulless pursuit of wealth
  • Two threats
  • Assimilation.
  • Persecution.

9
Organization
Sec Ch Contents
1 1 Prologue authors self-identification and authority
2 2-3 Jesus letters to the seven churches
3 4-11 Visions from heaven breaking seven seals on a scroll seven trumpets
4 12-16 Signs in heaven visions of the woman, the dragon, the beast, the Lamb, the seven plagues
5 17-18 Visions of the great whore and the fall of Babylon (Rome)
6 19-20 Visions of the warrior Messiah, the imprisonment of the beast and Satan, judgment of the dead, and the final defeat of evil
7 21-225 Visions of the new heaven and new earth descent of the heavenly Jerusalem to earth
8 226-21 Epilogue authenticity of the authors prophetic visions and the nearness of their fulfillment
10
The Seven Churches of Revelation
11
Apocalyptic imagery
Daniel 713-14 As I watched in the night
visions,I saw one like a human being   coming
with the clouds of heaven.And he came to the
Ancient One   and was presented before him. To
him was given dominion   and glory and
kingship,that all peoples, nations, and
languages   should serve him.His dominion is an
everlasting dominion   that shall not pass
away,and his kingship is one   that shall never
be destroyed.
Revelation 112-13 Then I turned to see whose
voice it was that spoke to me, and on turning I
saw seven golden lampstands, and in the midst of
the lampstands I saw one like the Son of Man,
clothed with a long robe and with a golden sash
across his chest.
12
Behold, I stand at the door and knock. If anyone
hears my voice and opens the door, I will come
in. (Rev 3 20)
13
The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse (Rev 61-8)
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