Pumps

1
Pumps Lectures 1

• Outline
• Where are pumps used
• Pumps, fans, compressor differences
• General HP and mechanical efficiency
• Types of Pumps
• Displacement
• Dynamic
• HW9 Due 3/24 (download) or handout in class
• Reading
• Handouts
• ITT Goulds Pumps Centrifugal Pump Fundamentals
  (in class) read all for 3/24
• Fluide Design Inc. Centrifugal Pump Fundamentals
  (download)

Dr. C. L. Jones Biosystems and Ag. Engineering
2
Pumps, Fans, Compressors--Turbomachines

• Turbomachines change energy level of flowing
  fluid by means of momentum exchange
• 2nd only to electric motors in number
• Wide spread in ALL industries
• Power units cars/trucks, tractors
• Computers
• Grain elevators
• Oilfield
• Water supply/treatment
• Food processing
• And.

Dr. C. L. Jones Biosystems and Ag. Engineering
3
Pumps, Fans, Compressors--Turbomachines

• Differences between pumps, fans, compressors
• Pumps move liquids
• Fans move gases with little increase in
  pressure
• Compressors move gases with greater increase in
  pressure

Dr. C. L. Jones Biosystems and Ag. Engineering
4
Mechanical Efficiency

• Ratio
• Power Output
• English Units, HP
• Efficiency

Dr. C. L. Jones Biosystems and Ag. Engineering
5
Pump example 1

• A pump provides 0.009 m3/s of water and total
  head of 10.6 m. Determine the power output of
  the pump. If the power input is 1310 W,
  determine the mechanical efficiency of the pump.
• Pump Example 2, English Units
• Will be shown in class

6
Pumps

• Two types

Flow rates Pressure Flow characteristics
Displacement - plunger - piston - rotary Low High Pulsating
Dynamic - centrifugal - jet - airlift High Low Steady Flow
Dr. C. L. Jones Biosystems and Ag. Engineering
7
Displacement Pumps
Dr. C. L. Jones Biosystems and Ag. Engineering
8
Displacement Pumps

• Reciprocating and Piston Pumps
• Crank
• Connecting rods
• Pistons or plungers
• Vol. efficiencies gt 97, Mech. eff. approx. 90
• For more stable flow, increase number of cylinders

Dr. C. L. Jones Biosystems and Ag. Engineering
9
Displacement Pumps

• Rotary Pumps (gear, lobe, screw, vane)
• Most popular gear pumps
• 90 mechanical eff.
• Relatively constant output

Dr. C. L. Jones Biosystems and Ag. Engineering
10
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Dynamic Pumps

• Centrifugal
• Relative simplicity
• Mech. eff. as high as 90
• Can handle fluids containing suspended solids
• Ease of maintenancegood for food products
• 2 parts impeller and casing
• Radial, mixed, axial flow

Dr. C. L. Jones Biosystems and Ag. Engineering
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Dr. C. L. Jones Biosystems and Ag. Engineering
14
Performance Curves
Dr. C. L. Jones Biosystems and Ag. Engineering