Cardiovascular system

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Cardiovascular system
SYLLABUS RBP(Robbins Basic Pathology)
Chapters The Blood Vessels The Heart ,
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Cardiovascular system

• Postinflammatory valve scarring (rheumatic heart
  disease)
• Giant cell myocarditis
• Lymphocytic myocarditis
• 176a Cavernous hemangioma
• Atherosclerosis
• Arterio- and arteriolosclerosis (kidney)

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Postinflammatory valve scarring (rheumatic heart
disease)

• diffuse fibrosis
• neovascularization
• obliterated originally layered and avascular
  leaflet architecture
• Aschoff bodies replaced by fibrous scar

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Postinflammatory valve scarring (rheumatic heart
disease)
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Postinflammatory valve scarring (rheumatic heart
disease)
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Giant cell myocarditis

• inflammatory cellular infiltrate containing
• - multinucleate giant cells (of either macrophage
  or myocyte origin)
• lymphocytes
• eosinophils
• plasma cells
• focal or frequently extensive necrosis

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Giant cell myocarditis
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Giant cell myocarditis
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Lymphocytic myocarditis

• lymphocytic interstitial inflammatory infiltrate
  
• focal necrosis of myocytes adjacent to the
  inflammatory cells

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Lymphocytic myocarditis
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Cavernous hemangioma

• sharply defined, but not encapsulated tumor
• cavernous vascular spaces, partly or completely
  filled with blood separated by a scant connective
  tissue stroma
• common intravascular thrombosis with associated
  dystrophic calcification

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Cavernous hemangioma
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Cavernous hemangioma
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Atherosclerosis

• the superficial fibrous cap composed of SMCs and
  relatively dense ECM
• - beneath and to the side of the cap (the
  "shoulder") a cellular area consisting of
  macrophages, SMCs, and T lymphocytes
• - necrotic core, containing a disorganized mass
  of lipid (primarily cholesterol and cholesterol
  esters), cholesterol clefts, debris from dead
  cells, foam cells (lipid-laden macrophages or
  SMCs), fibrin, variably organized thrombus, and
  other plasma proteins
• - around the periphery of the lesions, there is
  usually evidence of neovascularization
  (proliferating small blood vessels)

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Atherosclerosis
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Arterio- and arteriolosclerosis (kidney)
Hyaline Arteriolosclerosis - homogeneous, pink,
hyaline thickening of the walls of arterioles
with loss of underlying structural detail, and
with narrowing of the lumen Hyperplastic
arteriolosclerosis - onionskin, concentric,
laminated thickening of the walls of arterioles
with progressive narrowing of the lumina - in
malignant hypertension hyperplastic changes are
accompanied by deposits of fibrinoid and acute
necrosis of the vessel walls
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Arterio- and arteriolosclerosis (kidney)
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Arterio- and arteriolosclerosis (kidney)