The Rise of the Roman Republic

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The Rise of the Roman Republic

• 509 BC 27 BC

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Romes greatest achievements

• Established the first Republic
• Used law and government to unite many different
  regions, cultures and people.
• Practical engineering projects to promote
  civilization roads, aqueducts, bath houses and
  amphitheatres.

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• Prince Aeneas with Queen Dido on the harbor of
  Carthage

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Aeneas reaches Latium
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• Romulus and Remus- twin sons of Princess Rhea

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Romulus and Remus twin sons of Princess Rhea
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The Archaeological Record

• 2500 BC- Paleolithic settlements
• 1500 BC The Bronze Age
• 1000 BC tombs of cremated dead with bronze tools
  and weapons
• 800 BC Distinct groups occupied the Italian
  peninsula- Umbrians, the Sabines, the Samnites,
  the Etruscans and the Latins

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• Three advantages
• 1) built on several hills
• 2) Towards the end of the Tiber River
• 3) Only 15 miles from the sea

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The Etruscans

• 753-509 BC
• Older, more advanced culture
• Drained marshes
• Built sewer system
• Constructed roads, sewers. temples public
  buildings

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The Republic is established, 509 BC

• The last Etruscan king, Tarquin the Proud,
  ignored the Senate and was overthrown, the
  patricians (wealthy landowners) created a
  representative government.

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Two Consuls replaced the king
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Assemblies voted
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The Roman Senate

• Senators came from the Patrician class
• Acted as an advisory body to the king/consuls
• Controlled the finances money for public works
• Served as a Jury for treason, conspiracy, murder,
  foreign relations

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• Early Roman society consisted of two classes
  Patricians and Plebeians
• Plebeian grievances included
• Enslavement for debt
• Discrimination in the courts
• Prevention of intermarriage with patricians
• Lack of political representation
• Absence of a written code of laws
• Granting citizenship to outsiders while denying
  it to indigenous plebeian farmers

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The Struggle of the Orders 494 287 BC

• 494 BC Office of the Tribune created
• 460 BC Voting residence replaced wealth
• 450 BC Twelve Tables
• 445 BC Lex Canuleia-marriage
• 367 BC Licinian-Sextian Rogation-consuls
• 287 BC Lex Hortensia- Plebeian Council

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the mythological twins, the Dioscuri, Castor and
Pollux, on horseback.

• The Battle of Lake Regillus, 493 BC

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Defeating the Etruscans- The Battle of Veii, 396
BC

• Horatius At The Bridge

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390 C first only setback Gauls seige on Rome
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350 BC Rome renewed itself
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The Latin Wars340- 338 BC 326-304 B.C.
298-290 B.C. The Roman Federation
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• 282-270 BC Rome fought the Greeks of Tarentum
  and their ally- King Pyrrhus of Epirus

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• By 264 BC, Rome had achieved two important
  successes
• It had secured social cohesion by redressing the
  grievances of the plebeians
• It had increased its military might by conquering
  the peninsula, thus insuring the human resources
  with which it would conquer the Mediterranean
  world.

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By 264 BC, 5 major world powers Syria, Egypt,
Macedonia, Carthage and Rome
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Roman Expansion

• 493 BC Battle of Lake Regillus/Latin League
• 396 BC Battle of Veii/Etruscans
• 390 C first only setback Gauls seige on
  Rome
• 350 BC - Romans bounced back- rebuilt the Servian
  Wall and remodeled the army
• 340- 290 BC The Latin Wars/Roman Federation
• 282-270 BC defeated Greeks/Tarentum Epirus
  
• By 264 BC, 5 major world powers Syria, Egypt,
  Macedonia, Carthage and Rome

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