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Dos o Tres Testigos

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Title: Dos o Tres Testigos


1
  • Dos o Tres Testigos
  • 2 Cor. 131
  • Two or Three Witnesses

2
Dos o Tres Testigos Two or Three Witnesses
  • Introducción. 2 Cor. 131, Por boca de dos o de
    tres testigos se decidirá todo asunto. Aunque
    Pablo era un apóstol inspirado, él dejó
    disciplina en manos de la iglesia local.
  • Introduction. 2 Cor. 131, "By the mouth of two
    or three witnesses every word shall be
    established. Although Paul was an inspired
    apostle, he left discipline in the hands of the
    local church.

3
Dos o Tres Testigos Two or Three Witnesses
  • Pablo sería imparcial, pero aplicó el principio
    de ley el asunto queda establecido por el
    testimonio de dos o tres testigos.
  • Paul would be impartial, but he applied the
    principle of law the matter remains established
    by the testimony of two or three witnesses.

4
Dos o Tres Testigos Two or Three Witnesses
  • Había asuntos muy serios 2 Cor. 1220, me temo
    que haya contiendas, envidias, iras, divisiones,
    maledicencias, murmuraciones, soberbias,
    desórdenes
  • There were serious matters 2 Cor. 1220, I fear
    that there be contentions, jealousies,
    outbursts of wrath, selfish ambitions,
    backbitings, whisperings, conceits, tumults

5
Dos o Tres Testigos Two or Three Witnesses
  • Pero la acusación de cada mal tenía que ser
    probada por el testimonio de dos o tres testigos
    Entonces, no seré indulgente
  • But the accusation of each fault had to be proved
    by the testimony of two or three witnesses Then,
    I will not spare

6
Dos o Tres Testigos Two or Three Witnesses
  • I. Textos del A. T. -- Lev. 1916, No andarás
    calumniando en medio de tu pueblo. Si este
    mandamiento era importante bajo la ley de Moisés,
    cuánto más ahora en la iglesia!
  • I. O. T. texts Lev. 1916, 'You shall not go
    about as a slanderer among your people. If this
    commandment was important under the law of Moses,
    how much more now in the church!

7
Dos o Tres Testigos Two or Three Witnesses
  • Prov. 1018, el que esparce calumnia es un
    necio. 188, Las palabras del chismoso son
    como bocados deliciosos, y penetran hasta el
    fondo de las entrañas. Apetito carnal.
  • Prov. 1018, whoever spreads slander is a fool.
    188 The words of a slanderer are like dainty
    morsels, And they go down into the innermost
    parts of the body. Carnal appetite.

8
Dos o Tres Testigos Two or Three Witnesses
  • Prov. 2620, Por falta de leña se apaga el
    fuego, y donde no hay chismoso, se calma la
    contienda.
  • Prov. 2620, For lack of wood the fire goes out,
    And where there is no talebearer, contention
    quiets down.

9
Dos o Tres Testigos Two or Three Witnesses
  • Heb. 1028, Cualquiera que viola la ley de
    Moisés muere sin misericordia por el testimonio
    de dos o tres testigos.
  • Heb. 1028, Anyone who has rejected Moses' law
    dies without mercy on the testimony of two or
    three witnesses.

10
Dos o Tres Testigos Two or Three Witnesses
  • Núm. 3530, "Si alguno mata a una persona, al
    asesino se le dará muerte ante la evidencia de
    testigos, pero a ninguna persona se le dará
    muerte por el testimonio de un solo testigo.
  • Num. 3530, If anyone kills a person, the
    murderer shall be put to death at the evidence of
    witnesses, but no person shall be put to death on
    the testimony of one witness.

11
Dos o Tres Testigos Two or Three Witnesses
  • Deut. 176, Al que ha de morir se le dará muerte
    por la declaración de dos o tres testigos no se
    le dará muerte por la declaración de un solo
    testigo
  • Deut. 176, "On the evidence of two witnesses or
    three witnesses, he who is to die shall be put to
    death he shall not be put to death on the
    evidence of one witness

12
Dos o Tres Testigos Two or Three Witnesses
  • 7 La mano de los testigos caerá primero contra él
    para darle muerte, y después la mano de todo el
    pueblo. Así quitarás el mal de en medio de ti.
  • 7 The hands of the witnesses shall be the first
    against him to put him to death, and afterward
    the hands of all the people. So you shall put
    away the evil from among you.

13
Dos o Tres Testigos Two or Three Witnesses
  • Aunque alguno dijera, Yo lo vi. Y sé lo que vi.
    Lo ví claramente,.no se le dará muerte por la
    declaración de un solo testigo. Cierto testigo
    podría estar equivocado o engañado o calumniador.
  • Although someone might say, I saw it. I know
    what I saw. I saw it clearly he shall not be
    put to death on the evidence of one witness A
    certain witness could be mistaken or deceived or
    a slanderer.

14
Dos o Tres Testigos Two or Three Witnesses
  • Podría tener motivos de prejuicio, odio, malicia
    contra la persona. Si los dos o tres testigos
    tuvieran motivos malos, al ser examinados uno por
    uno esos motivos malos, y contradicciones serían
    descubiertos.
  • He could have motives of prejudice, hatred,
    malice against the person. If two or three
    witnesses had bad motives, on being examined one
    by one those bad motives, contradictions, would
    be discovered.

15
Dos o Tres Testigos Two or Three Witnesses
  • Si los dos o tres testigos son sinceros y
    honestos el testimonio de uno de ellos será
    confirmado por el testimonio del otro (o de los
    otros).
  • If the two or three witnesses are sincere and
    honest the testimony of one of them will be
    confirmed by the testimony of the other (or the
    others).

16
Dos o Tres Testigos Two or Three Witnesses
  • Cree usted que no era justo rechazar el
    testimonio de un testigo ocular? Dios no cree
    así. El dijo que si no había dos o tres testigos,
    entonces que no dieran muerte al acusado.
  • Do you believe that it was not just to reject the
    testimony of an eye witness? God does not think
    so. He said that if there were not two or three
    witnesses, then the accused was not to be put to
    death.

17
Dos o Tres Testigos Two or Three Witnesses
  • Muchos piensan que basta con un testigo porque
    quieren acusar y condenar, pero si fuera usted
    el acusado, no le gustaría que se requirieran dos
    o tres testigos?
  • Many think that one witness is enough because
    they want to accuse and condemn someone but if
    you were the one accused, wouldnt you like for
    them to require two or three witnesses?

18
Dos o Tres Testigos Two or Three Witnesses
  • Esta ley no sería necesaria si todos fueran
    honestos, competentes, siempre diciendo la
    verdad, pero todos no son honestos, competentes,
    y confiables.
  • This law would not be necessary if all were
    honest, competent, always telling the truth, but
    all are not honest, competent and trustworthy.

19
Dos o Tres Testigos Two or Three Witnesses
  • El mundo está lleno de chismosos, mentirosos,
    envidiosos, calumniadores, etc. y por eso tienen
    gran variedad de motivos ajenos al testificar
    contra otro.
  • The world is full of gossipers, liars, envious,
    slanderers, etc. and therefore they have a great
    variety of bad motives on testifying against
    another.

20
Dos o Tres Testigos Two or Three Witnesses
  • Además, aun la gente más sincera y honesta puede
    equivocarse. No siempre ven lo que piensan ver.
    No son perfectos en su visión, su observación, su
    memoria.
  • Moreover, even the most sincere and honest people
    can be mistaken. They dont always see what they
    think they see. They are not perfect in their
    vision, their observation, their memory.

21
Dos o Tres Testigos Two or Three Witnesses
  • Por eso Dios enseña que sería mejor que un
    culpable escapara el juicio en lugar de matar a
    un hombre que posiblemente fuera inocente.
  • Therefore God teaches that it would be better
    that the guilty escape justice instead of killing
    a man that was possibly innocent.

22
Dos o Tres Testigos Two or Three Witnesses
  • Además, los testigos deberían estar tan seguros
    de que estén dispuestos a arrojar las primeras
    piedras contra el culpable para matarlo.
  • Also, the witnesses had to be sure enough that
    they were willing to throw the first stones at
    the guilty to kill him.

23
Dos o Tres Testigos Two or Three Witnesses
  • No podían simplemente acusar y luego despedirse,
    diciendo No queremos estar involucrados en el
    asunto. Ya estaban involucrados, hasta las
    orejas.
  • They could not simply accuse and then dismiss
    themselves, saying, We dont want to be involved
    in the matter. They were already involved, up to
    their ears.

24
Dos o Tres Testigos Two or Three Witnesses
  • Cuando el juez acepta su testimonio y dice que
    aquel culpable había de morir, la mano de los
    testigos caerá primero sobre él para matarlo.
  • When the judge accepts their testimony and says
    that the guilty man was to die, "The hands of
    the witnesses shall be the first against him to
    put him to death.

25
Dos o Tres Testigos Two or Three Witnesses
  • Muchas personas están listas a acusar pero no
    están listas a arrojar la primera piedra (o sea,
    participar en el proceso de probar la acusación y
    castigar o disciplinar al culpable).
  • Many persons are ready to accuse but they are not
    ready to throw the first stone (that is,
    participate in the process of proving the
    accusation and punishing or disciplining the
    guilty).

26
Dos o Tres Testigos Two or Three Witnesses
  • Sólo quieren mover la lengua y eso a espaldas de
    los acusados. Sant. 36, la lengua es un fuego,
    un mundo de maldad.
  • They only want to move their tongue and that to
    the back of the accused. James 36, the tongue
    is a fire, a world of evil.

27
Dos o Tres Testigos Two or Three Witnesses
  • Los que están dispuestos a acusar, deben estar
    dispuestos a probar la acusación con dos testigos
    y participar en la disciplina del culpable.
  • Those that are willing to accuse, should be
    willing to prove the accusation with two
    witnesses and participate in the discipline of
    the guilty.

28
Dos o Tres Testigos Two or Three Witnesses
  • Si no quieren quebrar huesos no deben quebrantar
    corazones, y causar toda clase de daño en la
    iglesia.
  • If they dont want to break bones they should not
    break hearts, and cause all kinds of damage to
    the church.

29
Dos o Tres Testigos Two or Three Witnesses
  • Deut. 1915, No se tomará en cuenta a un solo
    testigo contra ninguno en cualquier delito ni en
    cualquier pecado, en relación con cualquiera
    ofensa cometida. Sólo por el testimonio de dos o
    tres testigos será confirmada la acusación.
  • Deut. 1915, One witness shall not rise against
    a man concerning any iniquity or any sin that he
    commits by the mouth of two or three witnesses
    the matter shall be established.

30
Dos o Tres Testigos Two or Three Witnesses
  • La vida es muy preciosa. Por eso, Dios no acepta
    el testimonio de un solo testigo por el gran
    peligro de que esté equivocado y algún inocente
    sea condenado.
  • Life is very precious. Therefore, God does not
    accept the testimony of just one witness because
    of the great danger that he might be wrong and
    that an innocent person be condemned.

31
Dos o Tres Testigos Two or Three Witnesses
  • Frecuentemente el testimonio ocular está
    equivocado debido a la observación y memoria
    deficientes. El criminal que escoge de un grupo
    de personas es inocente.
  • Frequently eye witness testimony is mistaken due
    to faulty observation and memory. In identifying
    criminals in a police lineup they choose
    innocent people.

32
Dos o Tres Testigos Two or Three Witnesses
  • En un estudio de 65 casos de convicciones
    erróneas un 45 de ellos resultaron del
    testimonio equivocado de testigos oculares.
  • In a study of 65 cases of wrong convictions 45
    of them resulted from mistaken testimony of eye
    witnesses.

33
Dos o Tres Testigos Two or Three Witnesses
  • Hech. 2138, el tribuno estaba bien seguro de que
    Pablo era aquel egipcio que levantó una sedición
    antes estos días, y sacó al desierto los cuatro
    mil sicarios.
  • Acts 2138, the Roman commander was very sure
    that Paul was that Egyptian that raised an
    insurrection and led the 4,000 assasins out into
    the wilderness.

34
Dos o Tres Testigos Two or Three Witnesses
  • Frecuentemente se pone en libertad algún preso
    que había sido encarcelado por años por causa del
    testimonio equivocado de algún testigo ocular.
    Por qué?
  • Frequently some prisoner who has been imprisoned
    for years because of the mistaken testimony of an
    eye witness is set free? Why?

35
Dos o Tres Testigos Two or Three Witnesses
  • Por la prueba ADN (DNA), el material básico en
    los cromosomas del núcleo celular y contiene el
    código genético.
  • By proof of DNA, the basic material in the
    chromosomes of the nucleus of cells and contains
    the genetic code.

36
Dos o Tres Testigos Two or Three Witnesses
  • Al examinar el ADN de ciertos presos condenados
    por el testimonio ocular se descubre que ese
    testimonio no era verídico.
  • On examining the DNA of certain condemned
    prisoners because of eye witness testimony it is
    discovered that that testimony was not true.

37
Dos o Tres Testigos Two or Three Witnesses
  • Un señor marcó 911 reportando una explosión,
    diciendo que había un hombre en la calle con
    escopeta. Llega la policía y un transformador
    eléctrico todavía estaba humeando y la escopeta
    en la mano del hombre era un rastrillo.
  • A man called 911 reporting an explosion and a man
    in the street with a shotgun. Police arrive,
    electric transformer is still smoking and the
    shotgun in the mans hand was a rake.

38
Dos o Tres Testigos Two or Three Witnesses
  • II. Textos del N. T Mat. 1815, Y si tu hermano
    peca contra ti, ve y repréndelo estando tú y él
    solos si te escucha, has ganado a tu hermano
  • II. Texts of N. T Matt.1815, If your brother
    sins against you, go and tell him his fault
    between you and him alone if he hears you, you
    have gained your brother

39
Dos o Tres Testigos Two or Three Witnesses
  • Pero si no te oyere, toma aún contigo a uno o
    dos, para que en boca de dos o tres testigos
    conste toda palabra
  • But if he will not hear you, take with you one or
    two more, that 'by the mouth of two or three
    witnesses every word may be established

40
Dos o Tres Testigos Two or Three Witnesses
  • Y si rehúsa escucharlos, dilo a la iglesia y si
    también rehúsa escuchar a la iglesia, sea para ti
    como el gentil y publicano.
  • And if he refuses to hear them, tell it to the
    church. But if he refuses even to hear the
    church, let him be to you like a heathen and a
    tax collector.

41
Dos o Tres Testigos Two or Three Witnesses
  • Ofensa personal. La persona ofendida no debe
    hablar de la ofensa con nadie. No debe divulgar
    el problema. Más bien, debería ir de una vez con
    la persona que le haya ofendido.
  • Personal offence. The offended person should not
    talk to anyone about the offence. Should not
    divulge the problem. Rather, should go at once to
    the person that offended him.

42
Dos o Tres Testigos Two or Three Witnesses
  • No hablar por teléfono, no escribir carta, sino
    ir. A solas. Muchas veces este proceder resuelve
    el problema y otros nunca se dan cuenta del
    asunto.
  • Not make phone call, nor write letter, but go.
    Alone. Many times this process resolves the
    problem and others never know about it.

43
Dos o Tres Testigos Two or Three Witnesses
  • Si no le escucha, llevar a otro hermano (o dos),
    pero siempre con el propósito de resolver el
    problema (no castigar, tomar venganza). Esto
    necesita mucho énfasis.
  • If he does not listen to you, take another
    brother (or two), but always with the purpose of
    solving the problem (not punish, take vengeance).
    This needs much emphasis.

44
Dos o Tres Testigos Two or Three Witnesses
  • Entonces, si fracasan en esto, habrá testigos
    para presentar el asunto a los ancianos (o junta
    de varones) para examinar a fondo el problema.
  • Then, if they fail in this, there will be
    witnesses to present the matter to the elders (or
    mens meeting) to thoroughly examine the problem.

45
Dos o Tres Testigos Two or Three Witnesses
  • Mat. 523, 24, Si estás presentando tu ofrenda
    en el altar, y allí te acuerdas que tu hermano
    tiene algo contra ti, deja tu ofrenda allí
    delante del altar, y vé, reconcíliate primero con
    tu hermano, y entonces vuelve y ofrece tu
    ofrenda.
  • Matt. 523, 24, if you bring your gift to the
    altar, and there remember that your brother has
    something against you, "leave your gift there
    before the altar, and go your way. First be
    reconciled to your brother, and then come and
    offer your gift.

46
Dos o Tres Testigos Two or Three Witnesses
  • Observe que tanto el hermano ofendido como el
    hermano le haya ofendido deben ir. Los dos
    deben encontrarse, yendo el uno hacia el otro
    para resolver el problema.
  • Observe that not only the offended brother but
    also the one who has offended him should go.
    The two should meet each other, going to each
    other to resolve the problem.

47
Dos o Tres Testigos Two or Three Witnesses
  • Nos reunimos para adorar pero si hay hermanos que
    no quieren saludarse, mucho menos reconciliarse,
    su culto está en vano. Rom. 1616, Saludaos los
    unos a los otros.
  • We meet to worship but if there are brethren who
    do not want to greet each other, much less be
    reconciled, their worship is in vain. Rom. 1616,
    Greet one another.

48
Dos o Tres Testigos Two or Three Witnesses
  • Lo hacemos si no estamos enojados, peleados,
    disgustados con ciertos hermanos. Efes. 431,
    Sea quitada de vosotros toda amargura, enojo,
    ira, gritos, maledicencia, así como toda
    malicia.
  • We do it if we arent angry, fighting, disgusted
    with certain brethren. Eph. 431, Let all
    bitterness, wrath, anger, clamor, and evil
    speaking be put away from you, with all malice.

49
Dos o Tres Testigos Two or Three Witnesses
  • 2 Cor. 131, Por la boca de dos o tres testigos
    se decidirá todo asunto. Es la ley ahora. La
    acusación contra un hermano debe ser probada por
    dos o tres testigos.
  • 2 Cor. 131, "By the mouth of two or three
    witnesses every word shall be established. This
    is the law now. The accusation against a brother
    must be proved by two or three witnesses.

50
Dos o Tres Testigos Two or Three Witnesses
  • 1 Cor. 1440, la manera ordenada sería que la
    acusación y el testimonio de dos o tres testigos
    sean escritas y firmadas para que el acusado lea
    todo y escriba su defensa.
  • 1 Cor. 1440, the orderly way would be that the
    accusation and the testimony of two or three
    witnesses be written and signed so that the
    accused can read it and write his defense.

51
Dos o Tres Testigos Two or Three Witnesses
  • Entonces todo (acusación, testimonio de testigos,
    defensa) sea presentado a los ancianos (o junta
    de varones) para ser examinado para formar un
    juicio.
  • Then everything (accusation, testimony of
    witnesses, defense) be presented to the elders
    (or mens meeting) to be examined in order to
    form a judgment.

52
Dos o Tres Testigos Two or Three Witnesses
  • Todo el procedimiento en un juicio civil está
    grabado y transcrito para los archivos. Lo mismo
    sería necesario en la iglesia. Por eso, sería
    mucho mejor que desde el principio todo se
    presente en forma escrita y firmada
  • The entire procedure in a civil trial is recorded
    and transcribed for the archives. The same would
    be necessary in the church. So it would be much
    better, from the beginning, to have everything in
    a written and signed form.

53
Dos o Tres Testigos Two or Three Witnesses
  • Nadie va a transcribir todo lo que se pudiera
    decir delante de la junta. Mejor que de una vez
    se presente el todo (acusación, testigos,
    defensa) en forma escrita y firmada.
  • No one is going to transcribe all that could be
    said before the mens meeting. Better from the
    beginning present everything (accusation,
    witnesses, defense) written and signed.

54
Dos o Tres Testigos Two or Three Witnesses
  • 1 Tim. 519, No admitas acusación contra un
    anciano, a menos de que haya dos o tres
    testigos. Otra vez dos o tres testigos. Yo
    creo que con uno basta. Sabe más que Dios?
  • 1 Tim. 519, Do not receive an accusation
    against an elder except from two or three
    witnesses. Again two or three witnesses. I
    believe one witness is enough. You know more
    than God?

55
Dos o Tres Testigos Two or Three Witnesses
  • Y si uno ve, oye o aprende algo y él es el único
    testigo, qué hace? Afectará su concepto de y
    relación con esa persona, pero debe callar no
    puede acusar.
  • And if one sees, hears or learns something and he
    is the only witness, what should he do? It will
    affect his concept of and relation with that
    person but he should remain quiet he cannot
    accuse.

56
Dos o Tres Testigos Two or Three Witnesses
  • III. Esta enseñanza es indispensable para
    protegernos de los chismes, rumores falsos,
    calumnias, y malas sospechas (1 Tim. 64,
    acusaciones no probadas).
  • III. This teaching is indispensable to protect us
    from gossip, false rumors, slander, and evil
    suspicions (1 Tim. 64, unproved accusations).

57
Dos o Tres Testigos Two or Three Witnesses
  • 1 Tim. 311, las mujeres deben ser dignas, no
    calumniadoras, sino sobrias, fieles en todo.
    513, ociosas, andando de casa en casa
    chismosas y entremetidas, hablando lo que no
    conviene.
  • 1 Tim. 311, Women must likewise be dignified,
    not malicious gossips, but temperate, faithful in
    all things. 513, wandering about from house to
    house, and not only idle but also gossips and
    busybodies, saying things which they ought not.

58
Dos o Tres Testigos Two or Three Witnesses
  • Descuidan su propia casa y sus propias
    obligaciones y se meten en los asuntos de otros.
    El remedio Tito 25, hacendosas en el hogar.
  • They neglect their own home and obligations and
    meddle in other peoples business. The remedy
    Titus 25, be workers at home.

59
Dos o Tres Testigos Two or Three Witnesses
  • Conclusion.
    Efes. 431 Sea quitada de
    vosotros toda amargura, enojo, ira, gritos,
    maledicencia, así como toda malicia.
  • Conclusion.
    Eph. 431, Let all
    bitterness, wrath, anger, clamor, and evil
    speaking be put away from you, with all malice.

60
Dos o Tres Testigos Two or Three Witnesses
  • 1 Cor. 134-7, El amor es paciente, es
    bondadoso el amor no tiene envidia el amor no
    es jactancioso, no es arrogante no se porta
    indecorosamente
  • 1 Cor. 134-7, Love suffers long and is kind
    love does not envy love does not parade itself,
    is not puffed up does not behave rudely,

61
Dos o Tres Testigos Two or Three Witnesses
  • no busca lo suyo, no se irrita, no toma en
    cuenta el mal recibido No se goza de la
    injusticia, sino que se regocija con la verdad.
    Todo lo sufre, todo lo cree, todo lo espera, todo
    lo soporta.
  • does not seek its own, is not provoked, thinks no
    evil does not rejoice in iniquity, but rejoices
    in the truth bears all things, believes all
    things, hopes all things, endures all things.

62
Dos o Tres Testigos Two or Three Witnesses
63
Dos o Tres Testigos Two or Three Witnesses
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Dos o Tres Testigos Two or Three Witnesses
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