Culture

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Culture Discrimination
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Stereotypes

• Simplified beliefs based on judging all members
  of a group by the behaviours of a few, without
  consideration for individual differences
• A generalization
• Ties into the Symbolic Interactionist school of
  thought and Cooley's Looking Glass theory
  concerning how we present ourselves to others

3
Prejudice

• Unfavorable belief or judgments about members of
  a group, without knowledge or experience needed
  to make a judgment

4
Discrimination

• Unfair actions directed against people based on
  their race, gender, ethnicity, nationality,
  language, faith or sexual orientation

5
Harassment

• Discrimination in the form of verbal or physical
  attacks
• Sexual harassment is unwanted sexual attention
  from a colleague with implied or perceived
  promise of reward for compliance

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Racism

• Negative behaviour based on an incorrect
  assumption that one race is inherently superior
  to others

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Genocide

• The organized systemic destruction of an
  identifiable group (national, ethnic, racial or
  religious group)

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Additional terms

• Anti-Semitism particular form of individual or
  systemic discrimination directed against Jews
• Systemic Discrimination describes a system that
  favours one or some groups over others in terms
  of hiring, benefits, promotions, and pay
  increases
• Systemic Racism Discrimination based on a sense
  of racial superiority is part of the philosophy
  and practices of a company, institution, or a
  whole society
• Systemic Sexism Discrimination based on a sense
  of gender superiority is part of the philosophy
  and practices of a company, institution, or a
  whole society

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Additional terms

• Oppression Prolonged cruel or unjust treatment,
  sometime unconscious, sometime covert constant
  state of denying to others fair and equal
  treatment and fair and equal opportunities
• Privilege special rights, advantages or immunity
  granted to or assumed by, certain groups and
  considered by them as their right. e.g. in
  Canada, privilege accrues mostly to whites, to
  heterosexuals, and most of all, to white
  heterosexual males.

10
Identities

• Identities are fluid
• Identities overlap intersect
• One person can embody and live multiple
  identities
• Many identities are invisible
• Valuing one identity supports valuing other
  identities (i.e. Anti-racist anti-ageist,
  anti-sexist, etc.)

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The isms
Ageism
Sexism (gender)
Faithism
Socio-economic status (classism)
Ableism
Racism ( Ethnism)
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Anger vs. Hatred

• Anger is felt towards individuals
• An emotion felt
• Crimes of passion intense personal anger directed
  at someone well known to the perpetrator.
• People feel remorse for their actions afterwards
• Hatred is directed at whole classes of people
• Deep-rooted with no real repentance as the aim is
  to negate the object of hatred
• A sentiment, an enduring organization of
  aggressive impulses towards a person or peoples
  composed of habitual bitter feelings and
  accusatory thoughts

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Gordon Allport's Group Norms theory...

• Believed that people readily adopt group norms
  (attitudes, beliefs behaviours of a group) as
  the price of belonging to the in-group, to get
  psychological rewards from membership, including
  a sense of identity
• Explains that people develop prejudices against
  others who dont fit into mainstream culture,
  known as the out-group

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Social Learning Theory

• Attitudes and beliefs are a result of
  socialization and learning. Young children learn
  behaviours from parents, peers and others. These
  attitudes can have a long lasting impact on
  perception and beliefs.

http//www.youtube.com/watch?vc6SKU5_w1Hk
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Social-Economic Theories of Prejudice

• Economic conditions could be factors that
  contribute to prejudice. During an economic
  recession for example, people who fear their
  livelihood is threatened might take a negative
  view on immigration. When people react this way
  immigrants become scapegoats people who are
  blamed unfairly for certain problems of
  difficulties in society.

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Psychological Theories of Prejudice

• Research shows that some people become prejudiced
  out of fear suspicion of people who seem
  different. These differences may call into
  question their own way of doing things and
  threaten self-esteem. An insecure person may find
  it comforting to feel another group is inferior.
• Ethnocentric people view their own race or ethnic
  group as superior to others.

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Contact and Education helps to eliminate
prejudice by creating a paradigm shift (the
formation of a new way of thinking about people
or ideas as a result of new experiences and
contact with others) Robber's Cave Experiment
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Debrief...

• In small groups on chart paper, brainstorm some
  ways in which the institution of Education has
  had to adjust its policies regarding social
  justice and equality for all...be specific with
  your examples

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Debrief

• Thinking about all the aspects we talked about
  today, are there some situations that would make
  it harder for a person who is gay or lesbian to
  come out?
• What are the situations where it is most
  difficult to be gay or lesbian?
• You can't choose to be gay or straight but you
  can choose to come out. Why do you think some
  people come out when they're 14 yrs and others
  wait until they are 40?