North American British Colonies Colonial Regions

1
North American British ColoniesColonial Regions

• New England
• Massachusetts Bay Colony
• Rhode Island
• Connecticut
• New Hampshire
• Mid-Atlantic
• Pennsylvania
• New York
• New Jersey
• Delaware
• Southern
• VirginiaJamestown 1607
• South Carolina
• North Carolina
• Maryland
• Georgia

2
New England

• Geography
• 1) Cold winters
• 2) rocky soilsmall New England farms
• 3) shorter growing season
• Economics
• Small, subsistence family farms
• Trade (including slave trade)
• Shipbuilding
• Lumber
• Key Urban Area
• Boston

3
New England Types of Colonies

• All colonies received a charter from the King.
• 1. Joint-stock companies or corporate colonies
• 2. Royal colonies

4
Joint-stock or Corporate Colonies

• The first two New England colonies were
  joint-stock colonies
• 1. Plymouth (Massachusetts)
• 2. Massachusetts Bay
• Groups of investors sought to make profits from
  the colony and then sell it. Businessjoint
  venture

5
New England Royal Colonies

• By 1775, eve of the American Revolution, there
  were two Royal Coloniessubject to the direct
  control of the Crown
• New Hampshire
• Massachusetts (1692)

6
Puritan New England City upon a Hill City
Upon A Hill

• You are the light of the world. A city on a hill
  cannot be hidden. Matthew 514
• Puritans believed they were able create the ideal
  Bible Commonwealth without Royal and Anglican
  Church interference.

Massachusetts Bay
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Puritan New England

• Puritans were persecuted by King James I for
  challenging the Church of England.
• Pilgrims (Separatists) wanted to de-Catholicize
  the Church of England.
• Moderate Puritans (Massachusetts Bay) wanted to
  reform the Church of England.
• Puritan families came to the New World (Great
  Puritan Migration)

Great Puritan Migration
8
Plymouth Colony (Pilgrims)Massachusetts Bay
Colony

• Plymouth Colony
• Separatists/Pilgrims
• Governor William Bradford
• Squanto and Thanksgiving story

9
New England Use of Native Americans

• Puritans needed their help at first.
• 1. Squanto and first Thanksgiving
• 2. Praying Towns
• Puritans want their land after a few years.

10
Puritan New England Massachusetts Bay
ColonyMassachusetts Bay

• Massachusetts Bay Colony
• John Winthrop
• Boston
• city upon a hill

John Winthrop
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New England Use of Native Americans

• Puritan intolerance to the savages.
• 1. Pequot War
• 2. King Philips War wiped out last attempt to
  preserve culture by natives in New England.
• After a few years, Puritan only want their land
  and to crush their culture.

12
Puritan New England TownsFamily, Town, and
Education

• All towns were chartered by the General Court or
  colonial legislature.
• Towns were tight knit communities.
• a. Moved as families or as towns
• b. Life expectancy 70 years due to climate
• c. All towns centered around the village green,
  school, and meetinghouse.
• d. Small, subsistence family farms

Plymouth
13
Puritan New England EducationFamily, Town, and
Education

• Education was important to the Puritans. Each
  community was responsible for educating their
  children.
• A community with 50 families must provide a
  grammar school.
• A community with 100 families must provide a high
  school.
• They founded the first college in the colonies,
  Harvard in 1636.

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Rights of EnglishmenSelf-Government

• Based on rights of Englishmen guaranteed by
• Magna Carta ( Jury trials and Parliament formed)
• English Bill of Rights (protects individual
  liberties like freedom of speech and freedom of
  religion)
• Separation of Powers Three Branches of
  Government
• Executive Governor
• Legislative Bicameral General Court
• Judicial Court system

15
Mayflower CompactSelf-Government

• Based on rights of Englishmen guaranteed by
• Mayflower Compact
• Majority rule
• Representative government

16
Town MeetingSelf Government

• Based on rights of Englishmen guaranteed by
• Town Meeting
• Most democratic arrangement in colonies
• Let all property owning males vote in approving
  local laws to build roads, schools, or new
  churches.

17
New England DissentersRoger Williams

• Roger Williams of Salem
• Banished to Rhode Island. Why?
• a. pay the Indians for land
• b. separation of church and state
• c. freedom of religion

18
New England DissentersAnne Hutchinson

• Anne Hutchinson challenged the Puritan leaders
• Show trial
• She taught that faith alone and not deeds is
  necessary for salvation.
• She was banished to Rhode Island.

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New England Culture WomenWomen in Colonial
America

• Rights Denied to ALL COLONIAL WOMEN
• a. second class citizens
• b. right to vote
• c. own property (except if widowed)
• d. Most women ran the house, raised children,
  and were their husbands property.
• d. Women could have jobs (tavern maids or
  house servant)

20
New England TensionsSalem Witch trialsSalem
Witchtrials (1692)

• A hysteria throughout Massachusetts Bay.
• Poor Puritan girls against rich Puritan women
• Ended Puritan domination of Massachusetts
• King to grant a new charter to Massachusetts Bay
  in 1691.