CHAPTER 1 HUMAN MOTOR DEVELOPMENT

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CHAPTER 1 HUMAN MOTOR DEVELOPMENT WHAT IS IT?

• Greg Payne

Made by Wang Yan
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• 1.1 The discipline of human motor development
• 1.2 Associations of human motor development
• 1.3 Blooms categorization system
• 1.4 The domains of human motor development
• 1.5 The discipline of human motor development
• 1.6 Developmental perspective
• 1.7 The history of human motor development study
• 1.8 Current trends in the field of human motor
  development
• 1.9 The interdisciplinary nature of motor
  development

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• 1.1 THE DISCIPLINE OF HUMAN MOTOR
  DEVELOPMENT

Kinesiology
Motor Behavior
Exercise Physiology , History of Sport,
Philosophy of Sport ,etc.
Motor Development
Motor Learning
Motor Control
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Motor learning

• Motor learning is an academic discipline seeking
  to understand how people learn motor skills,
  movements that have a specific goal, and how that
  learning can be facilitated (Magill, 2006).

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Motor control

• Motor control is the study of the
  neurophysiological factors that affect human
  movement. (Payne Isaacs, 2002, p. 1).

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Motor development

• Motor development, is the study of changes in
  human motor behavior over the lifespan, the
  processes that underlie these changes, and the
  factors that affect them (Payne Isaacs, 2005,
  p. 2).

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1.2 Associations of human motor development

• North American Society for Psychology of Sport
  and Physical Education, NASPSPA
• Motor Development and Learning Academy of
  National Association for Sports and Physical
  Education, NASPE

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1.3 Blooms categorization system

• cognitive referred to the intellectual changes
  that we all experience.
• affective refers to the social and emotional
  changes that we experience.
• psychomotor made reference to human movement,
  especially that movement that is created via a
  conscious effort and an impulse being sent from
  the higher brain centers

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The importance of Blooms taxonomy

• Blooms domains of educational objectives
  extremely useful in categorizing the major areas
  of human development.

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Slight modifications of Blooms taxonomy should
be made

• if we were to use Blooms terminology,
  psychomotor, for the movement domain, we would be
  excluding very important movements the human
  reflexes.
• We refer to the psychomotor domain as the motor
  domain.

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• Bloom neglected an entire area of human
  development physical change.
• By physical change we mean how our body changes
  with time. Most obviously, this includes growth,
  physical increases in size.

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1.4 The domains of human motor development
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1.5 The discipline of human motor
development-Why is it important

• All domains of human development affect all other
  domains.
• Movement diagnosis in the medical community.
• to determine ones state of health

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• used to determine the level of maturation of
  human movement
• enhance ones ability to educate in the most
  efficient manner.

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1.6 Development perspective

• The National Association for Sport and Physical
  Education (NASPE) prepared a position statement
  entitled, Looking at Physical Education from a
  Developmental Perspective. (Motor Development
  Task Force, 1995).
• Development is an interactional process that
  leads to changes in behavior over the lifespan.

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• Having a developmental perspective means that
  when we observe someone moving we ponder what
  factors might have led them to their current
  movement status and where they might go in the
  future.

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• Also important is the childs level of
  achievement on the continuum of walking
  development.
• Based on the movement characteristics exhibited,
  we can often determine where a child falls in
  terms of the progression of skills like walking.

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The six elements of developmental change

• qualitative
• sequential
• cumulative
• directional
• multifactorial
• individual

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1.7 The history of human motor development study

• Four historical periods (Clark and Whittal,1989 )
• precursor Period (1787 to 1928)
• the Maturational Period (1928 to 1946),
• the Normative/Descriptive Period (1946 to 1970),
• the Process Oriented Period that began in 1970.

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1.8 Current trends in the field of human motor
development

• A Lifespan Approach
• Physical Inactivity and Obesity
• The dramatic increase in obesity in the United
  States and throughout the world.
• This obesity epidemic is critical for the study
  of human motor development, because it is so
  closely linked to physical inactivity.

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Important terms and concepts

• Movement Products and Movement Processes
• Development, Growth and Maturation
• developmental directions
• cephalo-caudal
• proximo-distal
• integration
• differentiation
• reciprocal interweaving
• Gross and Fine Movement

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1.9 The interdisciplinary nature of motor
development

• Human motor development tends to be
  interdisciplinary.
• One example would be a meta-analysis, a
  quantitative review of literature, conducted on
  pre- and postpubescent individuals to determine
  the effect of resistance training on children and
  youth (Payne, Morrow, Johnson, Dalton, 1997).

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• Another example would be a study on changes in
  jumping ability among young children (Jensen,
  Phillips Clark, 1994).

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SUMMARY

• Human motor development is an academic discipline
  that examines the changes in human movement
  behavior over the lifespan, the process that
  underlie these changes, and the factors that
  affect them. (Payne Isaacs, 2005, p. 2)

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• The domains of human motor development
• cognitive (intellectual)
• affective (social-emotional)
• motor
• physical

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Four historical periods

• precursor Period (1787 to 1928)
• the Maturational Period (1928 to 1946),
• the Normative/Descriptive Period (1946 to 1970),
• the Process Oriented Period that began in 1970.

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Current trends in the field of human motor
development

• A Lifespan Approach
• Physical Inactivity and Obesity

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Important terms and concepts

• Movement Products and Movement Processes
• Development, Growth and Maturation
• Gross and Fine Movement

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Thanks a lot!