Title: Single-gene disorders
1??? ??????
- Single-gene disorders
- Monogenic disorder
2??????????? (?)???????? (?)???????? (?)X??????
(?)X?????? ???????????
3OMIM Statistics for February 28, 2005 Number of
Entries
4Synopsis of the Human Gene Map
5? ? ? ?
6X ? ? ? ?
??????????????,??????X???, ?Y??????????????,??????
??(hemizygote)-----????????????????
7(No Transcript)
8(?)????????(AD)
- ?1Huntington???
- ?????????????????????????, ??????????,???
- ???????4p16.3
- (CAG)n ??? n11-34
- ?? n42-66
9(No Transcript)
10- ?2Marfan???
- ??????????????????????
- ???????15q14-q21, FBN1????110kb,65????
11Normal Body
Marfan Syndrome
12(No Transcript)
13(No Transcript)
14????
????
???
??
15- 1???????
- (1)Dd x dd
- ?? ??
-
-
16- ????? Dd dd
- ????? ??
- ?? 1/2 1/2
- ??? 1 1
??
17 18- ????? DD Dd dd
- ?????(??) ?? ??
- ?? 1/4 2/4 1/4
- ??? 3 1
192?AD??????
20- 3?????
- ???????,?????
- ????????,??????
- ????????????
- ????????????AD??
- (1)?????,??????,???AD??
- (2)?????,????,??AD???
21(?)????????(AR)
- ?1?????(cystic fibrosis,CF)
- ???????????
- ?????????
- ???????,??????????????????
- ??????????????
- ???????????????
22(No Transcript)
23- ?2???(progeny)
- ????
- ???????
- ????????
- ??????
24????????6???
255???????? ????79??(??????????????110??),????????
????????
26(No Transcript)
27(No Transcript)
28(No Transcript)
29(No Transcript)
30- ?3???????II?
- (Grebe-Quelce-Salgado??????,Grebe?,???)
- ????????
- ????,?????????,????
- ?(?)??????
31(No Transcript)
32(No Transcript)
33???
341??????? (1)Dd x Dd ??(?) ??(?)
35- ????? DD Dd dd
- ????? ??(?) ??
- ?? 1/4 2/4 1/4
- ??? 3 1
-
- ??????????,?????????? 2/3
36 37- ????? DD Dd
- ????? ??(?)
- ?? 1/2 1/2
- ??? 1 1
38 39- ????? dd Dd
- ????? ??(?)
- ?? 1/2 1/2
- ??? 1 1
- ?????AD???,???????(qusidominant inheritance)
402?AR??????
41- 3?????
- ???????,??????
- ??????????,????????????
- ????????????????,??????,????????1/4
- ???????????????
42(?)X-??????(XD)
- ???????(????D???)
- ????
- ?????????????????
43(No Transcript)
44- 1???????
- (1)XHX x XY
- ???? ????
-
45- ????XHX XHY XX XY
- ?????(?) ??(?) ??(?) ??(?)
- ?? 1/4 1/4 1/4
1/4 - ??? 1 1 1
1 - ??????????1/2,????????
46 47- ???? XHX XY
- ??? ???? ????
- ?? 1/2 1/2
- ??? 1 1
- ?????,??????
482?XD??????
49- 3?????
- ???????,???????????
- ????????????
- ??????????
- ???????????,??????????????????1/2?????
50(?)X-??????(XR)
- ?????????????(Duchenne?????????)
- ?????????????
- ???????,?????????????,??????
- ????Gower?
51(No Transcript)
52??????????
53(No Transcript)
54- 1???????
- (1)XhY x XX
- ???? ????
55- ???? XhX XY
- ??? ????(?) ????
- ?? 1/2 1/2
- ??? 1 1
56 57- ???? XhX XhY XX
XY
- ?????(?) ???? ???? ????
- ?? 1/4 1/4 1/4
1/4 - ??? 1 1 1
1 - ??????????1/4,????????1/2,??????,??1/2????????
58 59- ???? XhX XhY XhXh XY
- ?????(?) ???? ???? ????
- ?? 1/4 1/4 1/4
1/4 - ??? 1 1 1
1 - ??????????1/2,????????
602?XR????
61- 3?????
- ??????????(?????????????)
- ??????,???????,??????????????
- ?????,??????,???1/2????
- ?????
62????????????
- ?????
- ???????
- ?????
- ????
- ?????????????????
- X?????
- ????
- ?????????
- ?????
- ????
- ???
63- (?)?????
- 1???
- ?????????(??)?????
- ????
- ?????????????????,??????,???????
- ?????
- ?????????????????,???????,????????
64- 2???(correction)
- Weinberg(1912)????(proband method)
- ???????s??????s-1?
65???????????,??????22/420.524,?????0.25????,??,??
?Weinberg????????
66- Weinberg??????
- ???????
- (1)????????
- ?T?T-?F42-1527
- (2)????????
- ?R?R-?F22-157
- ?????
- Q(aa)?R/?T7/270.259
67- (?)???????
- 1????(penetrance)
- ???????????????,????????????????
?????????(?)??(AD),????115???,?????????(?)??,???1
15??????115???,?????115????,91??????????x??24????
x??,?(?)??????,?20.87??????91/1150.79?79?
68(No Transcript)
69(No Transcript)
70(No Transcript)
71- 2????(expressivity)
- ?????????,????????????
- ????,??,????????
- ?????????????????????????,?????(forme frust)
72- ?G-6-PD??? (XR)
- ????????????,???????,??????24-48??????
- ??????????,??????,???????????????
- ????????????????,??????????????G-6-PD???,?????
73- (?)?????(pleiotropy)
- ???????????????????
- ??????(phenylketonuria)(AR)
- ????????????????
- ????1?????????
- 2??????,????
- 3?????,??,??????
- 4???????
- 5?????????
74- (?)????(onset age)
- ????????????????
- ??????????????????,????
- ????????????,?????
- ?????Duchenne??????,?????
- ??????????????
- ???????? Huntington???
75- (?)?????????????????
- 1?????(sex-limited inheritance)
- ??????????????????????
- ??????(precocious puberty) (AD)
- ??????????,????????,?????????????
76(No Transcript)
77(No Transcript)
78- 2?????(sex-influenced inheritance)
- ?????????,????????,???????????
- ???(baldness) (AD)
- ??????????
79- (?)X?????(X inactivation)
- ?????(manifesting heterozygote)
- X????????????????????
- ??????X??????????,?????????????????X?????,????????
????X????????,???????????????
80- (?)???? (parental imprinting)
- ?????????????????????????
- ?Huntington???
- ???????????????,???????
- ??????????????,??????
81- (?)?????????
- (kinship coefficient consanguineous marriage)
- ???????????????,????????????????
- ???????????????????????
82 83- ???(????????)
- ??????A??,????A??????1/2
- ??,????A??,?????A???????1/2
- ? k(??) 1/2
84- ???(???/????,??/??,???,????/????,???/????)
- ?????????A??,????A??????1/2 x 1/2 1/4
- ? k(??) 1/4
85- ???(????/?????,????/?????,????)
- ???????
- III1?III2???I1?? i??????1/4 x 1/4 1/16
- ??,III1?III2???I2??i???????1/4 x 1/4 1/16
- ?????????I1?I2??????????1/161/161/8
- k(???) 1/8
86 87- ?????????????
- ?????????????1/90 000
- ???????????????1/4 800
88- (?)?????(genetic heterogeneity)
- ???????????,?????????,?????????
- ?????(AR)??????????????????????,?????????,????????
??????????,?????????????????????????
89- ??d?e??????????????,?????ddEE(??????dd??)???DDee(
??????ee??)???????????DdEe,????????????????????,?
?????????????????????
90- (?)????(genetic anticipation)
- ???????????????????????????????????
- 20??90???,???????????DNA???????
- ???X??????????,FMR-1??5?????????(CGG)n??????????
,?????????,?????????????????????????????,???????
91- (??)???(phenocopy)
- ??????????????????????
- ??????????????????(kwashiokor),?????????????
92??
93??
94 ?????????????????,?????,???????????????,??????
????????
95??????
- 1)???????????,?????????????
????? Dd dd ????? ??
?? 1/2 1/2 ??? 1
1
96- 2)???????????,??????-----???????,??????????????
97- 3)?????????????????,?????????
??