Sanitation Study in Lao PDR

1
Water Supply and Sanitation Situation in Two
Poorest Districts
Study byUrban Research Institute (URI)Ministry
of Communication, Transportation, Post and
Construction
Assistant byEnvironmental Research Institute
(ERI)Science Technology and Environmental
Authority.Primes Minister Office
Supported byWorld Bank
Present byChanthala PHIMMACHACK (Mr.)Deputy
Chief of Town Planning Division
2
Agreement

• Refer to invitation from ERI, STEA No.
  01112/STEA, date 09/06/2004 to URI, MCTPC for
  Water Supply and Sanitation Study.
• Refer to Ministry of MCTPC agreement on
  08/07/2004 for URI to study Water Supply and
  Sanitation Situation in Phongsaly Dist./Prov. And
  Lamam District, Sekong Province.

3
Objective of the study

• To study the existing of water supply and
  sanitation (Latrine) situation in Phongsaly and
  Lamam urban central districts, particularly on
  water supply connection, water quantity-quality,
  financial, and environment pollution for
  sanitation.
• To find out the possible way of water supply and
  sanitation (Latrine) development for poverty
  eradication which support the PEP research.

4
ó
Phongsaly Dist/Prov.
²½É¾
Vietnam
Äê
Lamam Dist. Sekong Prov.
øÀ
5
Jommeung
Phoufa
Talatvilay
Homsavang
Phonekeo
Vatkeo
6
Maihouameung
Nonmisai
Vatlouang
Phimai
Thalouang
Phonkham
7
Phongsaly District
No Name of Villages Selected for Study Total Pop. Total Female Total HH Better HH Poor HH Water Use in HH Non Water Use in HH
1. Vatkeo 456 231 98 93 05 64 34
2. Talatvilay 499 257 112 99 13 90 22
3. Jommeang 468 238 99 93 06 92 07
4. Phoufa 625 317 136 126 10 110 26
5. Phongsaly 525 270 108 100 08 101 07
6. Sansaly 505 250 110 98 12 110 00
7. Homsavang 581 293 117 110 07 113 05
8. Phonsaat 743 361 162 153 09 141 21
9. Phonkeo 834 428 166 150 16 106 60
Total 5,236 2,645 1,108 1,022 86 927 (85) 182
8
Lamam District
No Name of Villages Selection for Study Total Pop. Total Female Total HH Non-Poor HH Poor HH Water Use in HH Non Water Use in HH
1 Phonkham 915 468 143 102 41 49 94
2 Maihouameang 1,554 775 293 - - 255 38
3 Thaluang 765 379 134 52 82 130 4
4 Vatluang 2,188 1,048 406 288 118 288 118
5 Nonmisai 2,060 989 390 235 55 312 78
6 Phiamai 2,152 1,082 406 196 208 212 165
Total 9,635 4,741 1,772 873 504 1,209 69.3 534
9
Why do selected this two districts?

• Refer to National Growth and Poverty Eradication
  Strategy (NGPES) to the year 2020, particular on
  Water Supply and Sanitation.
• At present, there is 72 poor districts in Lao
  PDR, which 47 Districts is the first priority
  development for water supply and sanitation from
  2003-2005. Phongsaly and Lama are also included
  in the first priority.
• This case study has included in the
  Poverty-Environment Nexus (PEN II), which
  organize by ERI/STEA.

10
Methodology
Field survey at Phongsaly Lamam Dist.DCTPC,
Nam Papa, Environment, District Off, 6
Villages, 553 HHs
Data collected from research other documents at
National level related on water supply and
sanitation

• Questionnaire
• Key persons discussion.
• Observation.
• Take note Photo.

Households interview Phongsaly 247 HHs Lamam 306
HHs
Random by Excel Program PSL used 34 of total No.
of HHs LM used 20 of total No. of HHs
11
Main contain of questionnaires

• Household information, located condition, HH
  properties.
• Water supply System.
• Other water sources.
• User satisfaction of water supply.
• HH planning suggestion for WS Latrine.
• Diarrhea illness in the past two weeks during
  field survey (children elder) visit to the
  health facilities.

12
Data Analysis
Data input Analysis by SPSS Program
Used Tables Charts with by Quantitative and
Qualitative
Conclusion Suggestion
13
Results From Water Supply Performance (Nam Papa)
14
Nam Papa Phongsaly Dist. Nam Papa Lamam Dist.
Constructed 1996 supplied 2001 First Constructed 1994 2001
Gravity System Sopkok River 3,5 Km Gravity System Houa Thone River 6 Km
Supported WB/JICA Supported NORVE ADB
Design Capacity 1,300 m3/day (80-100L/day) Design Capacity 2,500 m3/day (150L/day)
Operating capacity 150 m3/day Operating capacity 2.500 m3/day
Water tariff 2,500 - 4,000 Kip/m3 Water tariff 1,050 - 4,800 Kip/m3
15
(No Transcript)
16
(No Transcript)
17
(No Transcript)
18
(No Transcript)
19
Results From Households Field Survey
20
Phongsaly
Lamam
21
Lamam
Phongsaly
22
Water Supply and Other Water Sources
Lamam
Phongsaly
23
Water Supply
Phongsaly
Lamam
74 of HH use water supply live before Nam papa installation 88 of HH use water supply live before Nam papa installation
47 of HH use water supply said, save time 43 of HH use water supply said, save time
28 of HH use water supply said, water quantity is enough all day 75 of HH use water supply said, water quantity is enough all day
17 of HH use water supply said, water quality is clean 52 of HH use water supply said, water quality is clean
70 of HH use water supply use water 50-200 L/day 74 of HH use water supply said, use water 50-200 L/day
24
Water Supply
Phongsaly
Lamam
37 of HH use water supply said, water consumption between 5,000-20,000 k/M 56 of HH use water supply said, water consumption between 5,000-20,000 k/M
65 of HH use water supply said, water tariff is reasonable 47 of HH use water supply said, water tariff is reasonable
84 of HH use water supply said, water storage in tank other 71 of HH use water supply said, water storage in tank other
75 of HH use water supply said, water supply satisfaction 74 of HH use water supply said, water supply satisfaction
70 of HHI plan to improve water usage in houses 69 of HHI plan to improve water usage in house
25
Other Water Sources
Phongsaly
Lamam
50 of HH use other water source said, water is clean 25 of HH use other water source said, water is clean
50 of HH use other water source said, facility access 76 of HH use other water source said, facility access
53 of HH use other water source said, take 5-30 mn for water transportation 76 of HH use other water source said, take 5-30 mn for water transportation
40 of HH use other water source said, water network available 28 of HH use other water source said, water network available
38 of HH use other water source said, water connection fee is expansive 48 of HH use other water source said, water connection fee is expansive
26
Latrine System
Phongsaly
Lamam
27
Latrine System
Phongsaly
Lamam
92 of HH have toilet said, constructed by them selves 92 of HH have toilet said, constructed by them selves
41 of HHI have toilet said, contacted by Local Authority 40 of HHI have toilet said, contacted by Local Authority
60 of HH have toilet said, women participated during toilet construction 61 of HH have toilet said, women participated during toilet construction
82 of HH have toilet said, use toilet after constructed 82 of HH have toilet said, use toilet after constructed
55 of HH have toilet said, toilet is not break down. 41 of HH have toilet said, toilet is not break down
73 of HHI plan improvement toilet in house. 54 of HHI plan improvement toilet in house.
28
HH Health Protection
Phongsaly
Lamam
29
HH Health Protection
Phongsaly
Lamam
 
   
30
HH suggestion for water usage
Phongsaly
Lamam
Should have enough water quantity all day Water tariff should reasonable
Water connection fee should reasonable Should improve water compression,Morning/evening
Should improve water quality, particular on rainy season Should improve water supply quality (Rainy season)
Water network should available around urban area Water network should available around urban area
Water tariff should reasonable
Local Authority should be constructed public water tank
31
HH suggestion for toilet
Phongsaly
Lamam
Should support important materials for poor people Should support important material for poor HH
Should continuous suggestion promotion technique for HH built use toilet Should continuous suggestion promotion technique for HH built use toilet
Should provide land for HH built toilet or Septic tank to use together Should improve drainage solid waste system
Should improve drainage system
Should improve water quantity for Pour Flush usage
32
Conclusion
Phongsaly
Lamam
Water supply is big problem in both dry rainy season Water supply system is appropriate facility
Water supply system is difficult implement management Water supply quantity is sufficient all 24 h
Insufficient of water sources for HH usage in dry season Have a little bit problem of water quality in rainy season
Pour Flush Latrine system is problem in HH (water quantity) increase number of Pour Flush Latrine in HH
Dry pit latrine is not suitable technique in HH Some poor HH still use Dry Pit Latrine HH just moved
33
Recommendation for water supply
Phongsaly
Lamam
Local Authority should improve water supply system Should distribute water network available around urban area
Should built public water tank to store water sources Should improve water quality in rainy season
Should suggestion promotion HH built water tank Should improve water quantity compression during morning evening
Should continuous suggestion promotion HH how to use re-use water Should continuous suggestion promotion HH how to use re-use water
Should Local Authority cooperate Private to find out solution water usage Should Local Authority cooperate Private to reserve protect water sources
34
Recommendation for latrine system
Phongsaly
Lamam
Local Authority should provide specific regulation for urban sanitary Local Authority should provide specific regulation for urban sanitary (toilet system)
Should support important material for poor HH to construct toilet Should support important material for poor HH to construct toilet
Should provide technique for dry pit latrine construction if insufficient water usage Should have technical staff for leading monitoring during toilet construction
Should continuous suggestion promotion HH how protect their health by toilet using Should continuous suggestion promotion HH protect their health by toilet using
35
Thank you