Lecture 1 Growing up

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Vocabulary skills
Lecture 1 Words in context
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• Tasks Today
• Significance of vocabulary
• Unit 1 Text A
• Ways of learning vocabulary
• In-class review
• Assignments

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The significance of vocabulary in English learning

• Learning Process
  
• words---grammar(---listening---speaking)---read
  ing---writing?
• Words the basis, the cells, the bricks

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Vocabulary vs. reading

• Laufer5000,56
• 6400,63
• 9000,70?
• Eg,
  
  During this transfer,traditional historical
  methods were augmented by additional
  methodologies designed to interpret the new forms
  of evidence in the historical study.

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Vocabulary vs. writing and translating

• Ungrammatical sentences could be understood, but
  grammatical sentences without proper words make
  no sense.
• ????????????????????????,?????
  ???????,??????,?????????????

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Unit 1 Text A
Qualities of an ideal teacher
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Unit 1 Text A

1. How did Baker use to feel about English courses?
2. What was his own impression of his new English
   teacher?
3. What was the topic that held his attention?
4. Why did he want to write about that topic?
5. Whose essay was Mr. Feagle reading to the class?
   How did the class respond?
6. Why did Baker feel so delighted?

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Text Structure
Part I (1-2)
Part II (3-5)
Part III (6-9)
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Words of Feeling
I found English grammar dull and difficult.
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Describe a person
He was said to be very formal, rigid and
hopelessly out of date.
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Describe a series of actions
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Memories

• extraordinary sequence of mental images
• vivid memories
• eating spaghetti

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Memories
All the good humor of Uncle Allens house reawoke
in my mind as I recalled the laughing arguments
we had that night about the socially respectable
method for moving spaghetti from plate to mouth.
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Words of Feeling
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Synonym in Context
dull turn out anticipate formal pleasure
lifeless, cheerless, tedious
write, compose, put down
prepare for
rigid, prim, respectable,correct
delight, happiness, enjoyment
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Synonym in Context
recapture contempt topic vivid memories of sth.
come flooding back to sb.
relive
ridicule
title
sth. reawakes in sb.s mind Sb. recalls sth.
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Collocations in context

• 1) take hold become established
• The idea of one child has taken hold in
  most urban Chinese families.
• Old habits die hard. Thats why you should
  stop smoking before the habits takes hold.
• 2) turn out produce
• American film studios turn out hundreds of
  films every year.
• New computers are soon outdated since newer
  models are turned out constantly.

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hold
??, ??, ??, ??, ??, ??, ???, ??
over(??)
after(?)
take
apart
in
for(??)
back
down
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??...??, ??, ???, ??, ??
out
????, ??, ??
away
over
turn
on
back
off
down(??)
In
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Confusable words

• 3)violateviolation violentviolet
• 1. Ann received a ticket for
  a traffic law.
• 2. The nosy reporter the
  celebritys right to privacy.
• 3. From now on any of the
  regulation must be cruelly
• punished.
• 4. Tornadoes are whirlwinds
  which vary in their width from
• a few yards to 1300 feet.
• 5. Red and are at opposite
  ends of the spectrum.

violating
violated
violation
violent
violet
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Confusable words

• 4)composecomposition, decomposedecomposable
• constitute comprise consist
• 1. Water is of
  hydrogen and oxygen.
• 2. He was at the
  piano at the age of seven.
• 3. Fifteen separate republics
  the Soviet Union.
• 4. The committee of ten
  members.
• 5. Twelve months one
  year.

composed
composing
comprised
consists
constitute
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Confusable words

• 5)respectablerespect respective(ly)
  respectful(ly)
• respectable, respectably
• 1. Give my to your wife.
• 2. I promise to your wishes.
• 3. The classes went to their
  rooms.
• 4. Show to elders.
• 5. He is poor but .
• 6. Can you speak more to
  yourparents?
• 7. Tom, Dick and Harmy are 16,18,20,
  .
• 8. He is always dressed.
• 9. He is always to older
  people.

respects
respect
respective
respect
respectable
respectfully
respectively
respectably
respectful
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Confusable words

• 6)adjust adopt adapt
• He adjusted himself very quickly to the heat of
  the country.
• He adapted himself to the cold weather.
• They adopted our suggestions.
• 7) raise arise, rise, arouse
• The question didnt arise.
• The sun rises at seven oclock.
• The problem aroused wide public concern.
• I will not raise a hand against you.

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Confusable words

• 8) encounter meet face be confronted with
• The young scientists encountered many
  difficulties during their exploration.
• 9) intervalgapdistance
• There was a long interval before he answered the
  phone.
• generation gap
• There was a long distance from school to my
  house.

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Key Words of Text

1. excessively
2. distribute
3. respectable
4. compose
5. particular

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Key Words of Text

1. adjust
2. ignore
3. raise
4. encounter
5. interval

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Learning vocabulary
Ways of learning vocabulary Examples and
exercises
1
2
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???????
pose position compose composition decompose decomp
osable indecomposable indecomposability
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????
?? ??
?? autobiography, belittle, cooperate, combine, enable, maltreat, pseudonym, replace, thermometer, vice president
?? antiwar, contradiction, counteract
?? disorder, illegal, mismatch, nonsense, unknown
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????
?? ??
?? forecast, postgraduate, precedence
?? ?? decline, exclude, indoor, interaction, introvert, midland, outlive, telescope
?? extraordinary, overtake, superfluous, ultraviolet, underdeveloped
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????
?? ??
?? ?? bilateral, centigrade, macroeconomics, microwave, multiple, minibus, monopoly, polysyllable, semiconductor, tricycle, uniform
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????
1 shortage 8 modernize 15 dentist
2 irritate 9 presentation 16 refusal
3 flexibility 10 simplify 17 kingdom
4 psychology 11 hardship 18 materialism
5 length 12 pleasure 19 pollutant
6 sharpen 13 linguistics 20 entrance
7 enjoyment 14 refugee
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????
1 consequently 8 imaginary 15 critical
2 sensible 9 golden 16 cheerful
3 ignorant 10 straightforward 17 poetic
4 carefree 11 burdensome 18 fearless
5 childish 12 awkward 19 warlike
6 roughly 13 sunny 20 wooded
7 likewise 14 dangerous
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???????
????
addition
plus minus times by
add subtract multiply divide by
addition subtraction multiplication division
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• ????????
• Sea animals
• 
  
  ?? starfish?? coral
  ?? crab ?? octopus ?? lobster?? shell ??
  shark ?? sea slug ?? cuttlefish ?? prawn ??
  dolphin ?? gold fish ?? oyster

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• ??????
• Happy cheerful glad joyful
• joyoushigh- spirited
• ?????
• Flesh, flash, flush

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???????
1.?????? cocky, charisma
2.???? chaos, sting
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????
arise
??
progress
??
??
vacant
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In-class quiz

• 1) In business, you've got to
  how your competitors will act.
• 2) The more recent down turn in home sales, he
  added, is "a temporary problem" that should
  reverse itself once declining interest rates
  .
• 3) You wouldn't normally these
  two writers their styles are completely
  different.
• 4) The books in the library were
  according to subjects.
• 5) As good students, we are committed not to
  the rules.

anticipate
take hold
associate
distributed
violate
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In-class quiz
reputation

• 6) His involvement in the scandal was a blot on
  his .
• 7) I don't want to harrow you at this time by
  asking you to the details of your
  unpleasant experience.
• 8) His best music was by the
  memory of his mother.
• 9) A of murders had prompted
  the police to actions.
• 10) The general resolved on an approach by night
  to the lost ground.

recall
inspired
sequence
recapture
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????

• Use the following words and expressions to
  summarize the passage
• keep sb. in mind different
• bored topics
• attracted ones own joy
• think highly of
• discover talent
• real life

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homework

• 1. Unit 1-B, Unit 8
• 2.??Unit 2
• 3.???Unit 1 ????
• 4.????????????

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• when we are writing,we are often told to keep our
  readers in mind, to shape what we say to fit
  their tastes and interests.
• But in this text the author gave us a quite
  different idea.He was once bored by everything
  associated with Eng1ish courses,including essay
  writing.
• One day,in his third year in high school ,the
  essay teacher gave them a series of topics to
  write about. He found himself attracted by one
  particular topic and wrote it for his own joy.
• To his surprise and joy, the teacher thought
  highly of the essay and read it in front of the
  who1e class.
• This experience helped him discover his talent
  for writing and rea1ize what he wished to do in
  his life.
• From this experience,the author also wants to
  tell us that when we are writing, we should write
  about real life,write for ourselves instead of
  for assignments.